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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Addict Med. 2017 Jan-Feb;11(1):19–27. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000262

Figure 1. Methamphetamine dependence symptoms based on DSM-IV criteria in males and females (n=782).

Figure 1

Females, compared to males, were more likely to have higher rate of most of the DSM IV symptom criteria for substance dependence, including spending time for MA, continuing to use despite knowledge of having a persistent problem, cannot cut down or control MA use, using larger amount or longer time of MA than intended, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms.

** p < 0.01, chi-square test, two-tail