Table 2.
Maternal body mass index and risk of maternal health outcomes
| BMI group (kg/m2) | N (n) | Proportion (%) | OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||||
| Pregnancy complication | <18.5 | 752 (338) | 45.0 | 1.03 (0.87-1.23) | 1.07 (0.90-1.28) |
| 18.5-25 | 1986 (933) | 47.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 25-30 | 549 (280) | 51.0 | 1.25 (1.02-1.53) | 1.19 (0.96-1.46) | |
| ≥30 | 136 (68) | 50.0 | 2.23 (1.36-3.63) | 2.05 (1.24-3.37) | |
| Pregnancy Termination | <18.5 | 1471 (210) | 14.3 | 0.88 (0.72-1.07) | 0.91 (0.76-1.09) |
| 18.5-25 | 3782 (629) | 16.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 25-30 | 1055 (213) | 20.2 | 1.38 (1.03-1.85) | 1.14 (0.95-1.37) | |
| ≥30 | 254 (54) | 21.2 | 1.49 (1.02-2.25) | 1.17 (0.84-1.62) | |
| Genital sore/ulcera,b,c | <18.5 | 1467 (91) | 6.2 | 1.00 (0.98-1.02) | 1.02 (0.69-1.52) |
| 18.5-25 | 3777 (222) | 5.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| ≥25 | 1309 (72) | 5.50 | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | 0.96 (0.63-1.36) | |
| Genital dischargea,b,c | <18.5 | 1466 (213) | 14.5 | 1.72 (1.06-2.77) | 1.51 (0.94-2.42) |
| 18.5-25 | 3777 (421) | 11.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| ≥25 | 1309 (98) | 7.5 | 0.71 (0.53-0.93) | 0.78 (0.53-1.13) | |
| Menstrual irregularitiesa | <18.5 | 1467 (1052) | 71.7 | 0.89 (0.78-1.03) | 0.99 (0.86-1.14) |
| 18.5-25 | 3777 (2792) | 73.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 25-30 | 1055 (816) | 77.3 | 1.19 (1.01-1.40) | 0.98 (0.83-1.17) | |
| ≥30 | 254 (200) | 78.7 | 1.31 (1.02-1.81) | 1.25 (0.76-2.06) | |
| Cesarean deliverya,d.e.f | <18.5 | 1072 (144) | 13.4 | 0.27 (0.11-0.67) | 0.73 (0.52-1.03) |
| 18.5-25 | 2510 (581) | 23.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 25-30 | 608 (271) | 34.6 | 6.67 (1.82-24.42) | 1.67 (1.00-2.82) | |
| ≥30 | 145 (76) | 52.4 | 15.78 (2.27-109.57) | 1.71 (1.02-3.31) | |
| Diabetesh | 18.5-25 | 3728 (349) | 9.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 25-30 | 196 (59) | 30.1 | 4.04 (2.70-6.02) | 2.58 (1.81-3.68) | |
| ≥30 | 52 (10) | 19.2 | 2.72 (1.21-6.14) | 1.50 (0.56-2.36) | |
| Hypertensiong | 18.5-25 | 3728 (1123) | 30.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 25-30 | 196 (117) | 59.7 | 3.78 (2.74-5.22) | 2.29 (1.60-3.29) | |
| ≥30 | 52 (36) | 69.2 | 6.60 (3.27-13.30) | 4.12 (1.88-9.06) | |
N; Total sample and n; number of event; kg, Kilogram; m2, base unit of length
In some cases overweight and obesity were combined due to small sample size. The proportion (percent) and the result of multilevel logistic regression analysis were tabulated for each variable according to the BMI. All multilevel logistic regression analyses include age, respondent’s education, wealth index, region, place of residence and current working status. Additional confounding factors were included by the superscripts number (a = children ever born, b = preceding birth interval, c = cesarean delivery, d = husband education,e = household food security, f = antenatal mortality, g = diabetes, h = hypertension)