Table 1.
Demographic, health and air pollution exposure at baseline for SABRE and NSHD cohorts individually and combined, and numbers of deaths by the end of follow-up. * The NSHD is predominantly white British as they are representative of the British-born population in 1946 which predated major immigration flows.
| NSHD | SABRE | SABRE + NSHD | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 3129 | 4400 | 7529 |
| Participants' characteristics | |||
| Age [years] - mean (SD) | 43.00 (0.0) | 52.33 (6.9) | 48.45 (7.0) |
| Sex = female (%) | 1558 (49.8) | 1033 (23.5) | 2591 (34.4) |
| Smoking (%) | |||
| Current smoker | 937 (29.9) | 1038 (23.6) | 1975 (26.2) |
| Ex-smoker | 1284 (41.0) | 1027 (23.3) | 2311 (30.7) |
| Non-smoker | 908 (29.0) | 2335 (53.1) | 3243 (43.1) |
| Diabetes (%) | 34 (1.1) | 601 (13.7) | 635 (8.4) |
| Job = non-manual (%) | 1700 (54.3) | 1394 (31.7) | 3094 (41.1) |
| Ethnicity (%) | |||
| African Caribbean | 0 (0.0) | 660 (15.0) | 660 (8.8) |
| European | 3129 (100.0)* | 2157 (49.0) | 5286 (70.2) |
| South Asian | 0 (0.0) | 1583 (36.0) | 1583 (21.0) |
| CVD at baseline (%) | 111 (3.5) | 386 (8.8) | 497 (6.6) |
| Mortality | |||
| Number of deaths (%) | 337 (10.8) | 1402 (31.8) | 1739 (23.1) |
| African Caribbean | 0 (0.0) | 160 (3.6) | 160 (2.1) |
| European | 337 (10.8) | 784 (17.8) | 1121 (14.9) |
| South Asian | 0 (0.0) | 458 (10.4) | 458 (6.1) |
| Number of CVD deaths (%) | 91 (2.9) | 519 (11.7) | 610 (8.1) |
| African Caribbean | 0 (0.0) | 51 (1.1) | 51 (0.7) |
| European | 91 (2.9) | 265 (6.0) | 356 (4.7) |
| South Asian | 0 (0.0) | 203 (4.6) | 203 (2.7) |
| Air pollution exposure | |||
| Contemporaneous 1991estimates | |||
| NO2 [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 29.44 (25.47–35.39) | 45.84 (44.91–48.77) | 44.24 (30.85–46.19) |
| SO2 [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 27.97 (24.07–31.97) | 38.45 (32.79–44.25) | 32.96 (28.77–41.25) |
| BS [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 11.27 (8.81–14.70) | 12.91 (11.35–14.88) | 12.48 (11.22–14.88) |
| ESCAPE 2010–11 estimates | |||
| NO2 [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 22.50 (17.59–27.27) | 30.70 (28.40–32.60) | 28.80 (21.79–31.80) |
| NOx [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 37.08 (28.53–45.37) | 46.90 (40.90–51.70) | 43.50 (35.29–50.00) |
| PM10 [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 15.80 (14.87–16.72) | 17.30 (16.40–18.50) | 16.70 (15.67–17.90) |
| PMcoarse [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 6.04 (5.79–6.55) | 6.70 (6.30–7.30) | 6.40 (6.00–7.10) |
| PM2.5 [μg/m3] - median (IQR) | 9.63 (8.85–10.25) | 10.00 (9.60–10.50) | 9.90 (9.40–10.40) |