Table 5.

Genes overexpressed in highly aggressive ovarian cancer cell lines involved in different cellular functions

Cellular functions	Genes reported in ovarian cancer by other investigators		Genes not reported in ovarian cancerg	Genes related with ovary tissue
	High expressiond, e	Low expressionf
(I) Cell cycle, cell division, cell growth, and proliferation	Myc [1]; [2], Suz12 [3], Bcat1 [4], Rad51ap1 [5], Spp1 [6], Apobec3 (deletion) [7], [8], Hmga2 [9], Zdhhc2 [10], Ca12 [11], Afap1l2a [12], Med1b [13]; Nasp [4], Vldlrd, e [14], Emp1d, e [15]; Skp2 [16]; Nusap1 [17], [5]; Ncapg [18], [19]; Sema5a [20]	hnRNPA1 [21]; Dlgap5 [22], [23]; Trim16 [24]; E2f7	Gm4975/Sgol2, Incenp [25]; Csdc2 [26]; Elk3 [27]; Aldh3a1 [28]; Cdca2 [29], [19]; Rbl1 [30]; Plk4 [31]; Tfrc [32]; Tis7 [33]; Prim1 [34]; Tinagl1 (↓) [35]; Traip (↑) [36]; Trip13 [37]; Fignl1 [38]; Gpsm2 [39]; Hopx (↓) [40]; Angptl4 [41]; Kntc1 [42]; Sprr1a [43]; Tesc [44]; Gadd45g (cell cycle arrest) [45]; Sema3a (↓) [46]; Bmper [47]; Tbc1d1 [48]; Erdr1 [49]; Gprc5c [50]; Gm71 [51]; G2e3 [52]; Tanc2 [53]; Fam110a [54]; Speg [55]; Pde5a [56]; 4930547N16Rik [57]; Nans [58]; Hells [59]; Ppil1 [60] [61]; C79407 [62]; Nup155 [63]; 6230416J20Rik [64]; Slk [65]; Lrrc8c [66]; Uhrf1 [67]	Bmper [68]; Tbc1d1 [69]Sema3a [46]; Nasp [4]
(II) Axon guidance, adhesion, migration, and invasion	Ca12 [11]; Bcat1 [70]; Spp1 [6]; Itgb3 [71]; Fscn1 [72]; Asap1 [17]; Zdhhc2 [73]; Afap1l2a {Bai, 2014 #5999}; Sema5a [20]	Diaph3 [74]; Trim16 [75]; Fstl1 [76]; Sh3kbp1 [77], [78]; Ntn4 [79], [80]	Rtn2 [81], Pdlim2 [82]; Aldh3a1 [83]; Arf6 [84]; Itgb5 [85]; Tinagl1 [35]; Angptl4 [41]; Gprc5c [50]; Erdr1 [86]; Gm71 [51]; Slk [65]	Bmper [68], Sema3a [46]
(III) Apoptosis and necrosis	Rad51ap1 [5]; Spp1 [6]; Bokc [87], Hip1 [88]; Myc	E2f7 [89], Trim16 [75], Fstl1 (↑, ovarian cancer ↓) [76]; Sh3kbp1	Aldh3a1 [83]; Ripk3 [90]; Phlda1 [91]; Emp1 [92], [93]; Prim1 [34]; Traip (↑) [36]; Bag2 [94]; Gadd45g [45]; Sema3a (↓) [46]; Slk [65]	Sema3a (↓ [46]
(IV) DNA regulation, replication, recombination, and repair	Rad51ap1 [5]; Apobec3 (deletion) [95]; [8]; Parpbp [96]; Afap1l2a [12]; Polea [97]	E2f7 [89]; Rad54l (methylation) [98]	Uhrf1 [67], [99]; Ncapg [18]; Prim1 [34]; Atad5/Egl1 [100]; Fignl1 [38]; Rad18 [101]; Gadd45g [45]; Gm71 (methylation) [102]; G2e3 [52]; Pdlim2 (↑↓) [82], [103]; Slk [65], Trip13 [37]
(V) Metabolism	Myc [104]; Polea [97]; Nasp [4]; Rad51ap1 [5]; Cyp1b1 [105]	Rad541b [98]	Ccrn4l [106]; Tbc1d1 [48]; Naaa [107]; Nans [108]; Sec16b [109]; Lrrc8c (fat) [110]; Prim1 [34]; Uhrf1 [67]; Slk [65], Trip13 [37]; Rad18 [101]; Hells [59]	Pgm1 [111], Tbc1d1 [69]
(VI) Angiogenesis	Sema3e [112]; Cd97 [113]; Flt1 (VEGFR1) [114]	Fstl1 (↑↓) [76]; Ntn4 (↓) [79], [115]	Elk3 [116]; Itgb5 [117]; Tinagl1 [35]; Angptl4 [41]; Sema3a (↓) [46]	Sema3a [46]
(VII) DNA/chromatin/chromosome composition	Suz12 [118]; Hmga2 [119]		Gm4975/Sgol2, Incenp [25]; Prim1 [34]; Kntc1 [42]; Rad18 [101]; Hells [59]; C79407
(VIII) Carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis	Hip1 [88]; Gsta3 [120]; Spp1 [6]; Afap1l2a [12]; Polea [97]	hnRNPA1 (↓) [21]	Emp1 [121]; Atad5/Egl1a [122]; Gadd45g [45]; [123]; Nans [124]
(IX) Transcription, transcriptional modification, and mRNA stability	Med1b [13]	hnRNPA1 (↓) [21]	Lbh [125]; [126]; Ccrn4l [106]
(X) Differentiation	Hmga2 [119]		Csdc2 [26]; Tis7 [33]; Speg [55]
(XI) Membrane transporters/channel	Scn5a [127]; Slc16a3 [128]		Tesc ([44], Tfrc [32], Nup155 (nuclear membrane macromolecule transporting) [129]
(XII) Immune and inflammatory responses	Asap1 [17]		Angptl4 [41]; Ripk3 [90]
	Asap1 [17]		Arf6 [130]
(XIII) Autophagy and membrane trafficking
(XIV) Ubiquination	Skp2 [131]		Bag2 (↓) [132]; Ppil1 (protein folding) [60], [61]
(XV) Signaling			Ppp1r12b [133], [134]; Gprc5c [135]; Lrrc8c [110]
(XVI) Adipogenesis	Gsta3 [120]		Ccrn4l [136]; [123]; Lrrc8c [110]
(XVII) Other
(XVIII) Unknown			Ggt6 [137]; Gm4975/Sgol2, Ppic [138]; 2810025M15Rik, Fam149a, BC004728; Mum1l1; Pgm2 [139]; Dpy19l3 [140]; Ammecr1 [141]; Gats; Tmem184b [142]; 1700113i22rik [143]

The 109 genes overexpressed in highly aggressive cell lines are listed here. . Genes in boldface are reported oncogenes [144]. Due to the high number of citations, the references for this table are shown in the supplemental materials

Down-pointing arrow genes were underexpressed or they were tumor suppressors, up-pointing arrow genes overexpressed, up-pointing and down-pointing arrow genes were sometimes underexpressed and sometimes overexpressed

^aMutation is associated with ovarian cancer

^bGene methylation is associated with ovarian cancer

^cGene was reported to be associated with drug resistance in ovarian cancer cell lines

^dGenes were reported in mouse ovarian cancer IG10 cell line

^eGenes with high/overexpression were reported to be associated with ovarian cancers by other investigators

^fGenes with low/down-expression were reported to be associated with ovarian cancers by other investigators

^gGenes that were not reported in ovarian cancer, but these genes may have been reported in other cancers. The references were in the supplement