Table 2.
Therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticle-based antitubercular drug delivery systems.
| Delivery system | Drug : carrier ratio | Use of organic solvents | Drug encapsulation efficiency | Mode of delivery | Animal model | Duration of sustained drug release (days) | Sterilizing effect in lungs and spleen | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma | Organ | ||||||||
| Synthetic | |||||||||
| (i) PLG nanoparticles | 1 : 1 for each drug | Dichloromethane | 60–70% | Oral Aerosol Subcutaneous |
Mice Guinea pigs Mice |
6–8 6–8 32 |
9–11 9–11 36 |
5 doses every 10 d 5 doses every 10 d Single injection |
[14, 15] [16] [17] |
| (ii) Lectin functionalized PLG nanoparticles | 1 : 1 for each drug | Dichloromethane | 60–70% | Oral Aerosol |
Guinea pigs Guinea pigs |
6–14 6–14 |
15 15 |
3 doses fortnightly 3 doses fortnightly |
[14] [15] |
|
| |||||||||
| Natural | |||||||||
| (i) Liposomes | RIF 0.22 : 1 INH 0.14 : 1 |
Chloroform, methanol | 35–45% 8–12% |
Intravenous Aerosol |
Mice, Guinea pigs Guinea pigs |
5–7 2 |
7 5 |
2 doses every week single dose every 5–7 days |
[15, 18] [19] |
| (ii) Solid lipid nanoparticles | 1 : 1 for each drug | Acetone, ethanol | 40–50% | Oral Aerosol |
Mice Guinea pigs |
8 5 |
10 7 |
5 doses every 10 d 7 doses weekly |
[20] [21] |
| (iii) Alginate nanoparticles | 7.5 : 1 for each drug | No | 70–80% | Oral Aerosol |
Mice/Guinea pigs Guinea pigs |
8–11 8–11 |
15 15 |
3 doses fortnightly 3 doses fortnightly |
[22] [22] |