| Patient and operative characteristics | 0 U (n = 464) | 1–2 U (n = 163) | 3+ U (n = 100) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Male sex, n (%) | 325 (70) | 95 (58.3) | 67 (67) | 0.023 |
| White race, n (%) | 454 (99.1) | 161 (100) | 98 (98) | 0.223 |
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 74 ± 10.5 | 74.6 ± 10.3 | 75 ± 10.8 | 0.64 |
| Smoking (current/past), n (%) | 362 (78) | 123 (75.5) | 77 (77.8) | 0.027 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 428 (92.2) | 157 (96.9) | 94 (94) | 0.112 |
| COPD, n (%) | 130 (28) | 39 (23.9) | 34 (34) | 0.209 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 345 (74.4) | 125 (76.7) | 76 (76) | 0.818 |
| CAD, n (%) | 229 (49.4) | 84 (51.5) | 49 (49) | 0.879 |
| CHF, n (%) | 113 (24.4) | 51 (31.3) | 38 (38) | 0.012 |
| End-stage renal failure, n (%) | 47 (10.1) | 20 (12.3) | 13 (13) | 0.596 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 1.7 ± 1.6 | 1.9 ± 1.7 | 2 ± 2 | 0.181 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL, mean ± SD | 12.2 ± 2.1 | 10.4 ± 2.1 | 10.8 ± 2 | <0.0001 |
| Indication, n (%) | ||||
| Rest pain | 100 (21.6) | 26 (16) | 23 (23) | 0.251 |
| Tissue loss | 364 (78.4) | 137 (84) | 77 (77) | |
| Previous bypass, n (%) | 146 (31.5) | 51 (31.3) | 42 (42) | 0.112 |
| Operative characteristics | ||||
| Urgency, n (%) | ||||
| Elective | 338 (72.8) | 123 (75.5) | 69 (69) | 0.519 |
| Urgent | 126 (27.2) | 40 (24.5) | 31 (31) | |
| Estimated blood loss, mL, mean ± SD | 209.4 ± 183.5 | 346.4 ± 283.6 | 724 ± 807.9 | <0.0001 |
| Graft origin, n (%) | ||||
| Common femoral | 298 (64.2) | 109 (66.9) | 63 (63) | 0.951 |
| Profunda/superficial femoral artery | 108 (23.3) | 36 (22.1) | 23 (23) | |
| AK pop/BK pop/tibial | 58 (12.5) | 18 (11) | 14 (14) | |
| Graft recipient, n (%) | ||||
| AK pop/BK pop | 213 (45.9) | 69 (42.3) | 38 (38) | 0.621 |
| TP trunk/AT/PT/peroneal | 178 (38.4) | 68 (41.7) | 46 (46) | |
| DP, PT ankle/tarsal/plantar | 73 (15.7) | 26 (16) | 16 (16) | |
| Conduit type, n (%) | ||||
| GSV | 308 (66.4) | 111 (68.1) | 63 (63) | 0.858 |
| Arm vein | 51 (11) | 20 (12.3) | 12 (12) | |
| Prosthetic | 116 (25) | 36 (22.1) | 28 (28) | |
| Anesthesia, n (%) | ||||
| Spinal | 74 (15.9) | 33 (20.2) | 8 (8) | 0.023 |
| Epidural | 44 (9.5) | 14 (8.6) | 4 (4) | |
| General | 346 (74.6) | 116 (71.2) | 88 (88) | |
| Concomitant endarterectomy, n (%) | 95 (65.5) | 30 (69.8) | 27 (67.5) | 0.867 |
| Preoperative medications, n (%) | ||||
| ASA | 336 (72.4) | 118 (72.4) | 76 (76) | 0.755 |
| Clopidogrel | 43 (9.3) | 22 (13.5) | 18 (18) | 0.029 |
| Statin | 283 (61.1) | 97 (58.5) | 74 (74) | 0.036 |
AK pop, above-knee popliteal; ASA, aspirin; AT, anterior tibial; BK pop, below-knee popliteal; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; DP, dorsalis pedis; GSV, greater saphenous vein; PT, posterior tibial; TP, tibioperoneal.