Table 1.
Patient Descriptives
| Variable | Acute Arterial Mesenteric Ischemia | P* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| All (n = 142) | Embolic (n = 71) | Thrombotic (n = 71) | ||
| Age (years)‡ | 66.4 ± 13.5 | 67.9 ± 15.0 | 64.8 ± 11.7 | 0.1715 |
| Race | 0.0057† | |||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Black, not of Hispanic origin | 7 (4.9) | 6 (8.5) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Hispanic, black | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hispanic, color unknown | 5 (3.5) | 5 (7.0) | 0 | |
| Hispanic, white | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 1 (1.4) | |
| White, not of Hispanic origin | 119 (83.8) | 53 (74.7) | 66 (93.0) | |
| Unknown | 10 (7.0) | 7 (9.9) | 3 (4.2) | |
| Female gender | 77 (54.2) | 41 (57.8) | 36 (50.7) | 0.3997 |
| Body mass index | 24.6 ± 6.2 | 25.9 ± 6.0 | 23.4 ± 6.2 | 0.0202 |
| Diabetes | 24 (16.9) | 11 (15.5) | 13 (18.3) | 0.6543 |
| Current smoker | 56 (39.4) | 25 (35.2) | 31 (43.7) | 0.3029 |
| Ever smoker | 84 (67.2) | 33 (53.2) | 51 (81.0) | 0.0010 |
| Pack-years smoking (all available)§ | 27.2 ± 32.2 | 19.2 ± 27.2 | 35.4 ± 34.9 | 0.0073 |
| Functional status (before current illness) | 0.6346† | |||
| Independent | 130 (93.5) | 63 (91.3) | 67 (95.7) | |
| Partially dependent | 7 (5.0) | 5 (7.3) | 2 (2.9) | |
| Totally dependent | 2 (1.4) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Functional status (before surgery) | 0.3720 | |||
| Independent | 92 (64.8) | 42 (59.2) | 50 (70.4) | |
| Partially dependent | 24 (16.9) | 14 (19.7) | 10 (14.1) | |
| Totally dependent | 26 (18.3) | 15 (21.1) | 11 (15.5) | |
| History of | ||||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 24 (16.9) | 8 (11.3) | 16 (22.5) | 0.0732 |
| Congestive heart failure | 8 (5.6) | 5 (7.0) | 3 (4.2) | 0.7185† |
| Myocardial infarction | 4 (2.8) | 3 (4.2) | 1 (1.4) | 0.6196† |
| Angina | 6 (4.2) | 3 (4.2) | 3 (4.2) | 1.0000† |
| Prior coronary artery bypass grafting | 22 (15.5) | 12 (16.9) | 10 (14.1) | 0.6428 |
| Prior percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention | 23 (16.2) | 7 (9.9) | 16 (22.5) | 0.0404 |
| Hypertension | 109 (76.8) | 56 (78.9) | 53 (74.7) | 0.5511 |
| Revascularization or amputation | 24 (16.9) | 11 (15.5) | 13 (18.3) | 0.6543 |
| Acute renal failure | 2 (1.4) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.4) | 1.0000† |
| Dialysis dependence|| | 3 (2.1) | 3 (4.2) | 0 | 0.2447† |
| Transient ischemic attack | 12 (8.5) | 9 (12.7) | 3 (4.2) | 0.0703 |
| Stroke without disability | 9 (6.3) | 6 (8.5) | 3 (4.2) | 0.4934† |
| Stroke with disability | 8 (5.6) | 7 (9.9) | 1 (1.4) | 0.0626† |
| Bleeding disorder | 47 (33.1) | 29 (40.9) | 18 (25.4) | 0.0498 |
| 10% or more weight loss in past 6 months | 29 (20.4) | 4 (5.6) | 25 (35.2) | <0.0001 |
| Preoperative sepsis (sepsis inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, or septic shock) | 74 (52.1) | 51 (71.8) | 23 (32.4) | <0.0001 |
| Operation within preceding 30 days¶ | 19 (15.2) | 10 (15.2) | 9 (15.3) | 0.9873 |
| Transfer status | 0.8770† | |||
| Acute care hospital | 30 (21.1) | 14 (19.7) | 16 (22.5) | |
| Admitted directly from home | 109 (76.8) | 55 (77.5) | 54 (76.1) | |
| Chronic care facility | 3 (2.1) | 2 (2.8) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Veterans Affairs acute care hospital | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Veterans Affairs chronic care facility | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate# | 68.2 ± 29.8 | 59.6 ± 30.9 | 76.6 ± 26.4 | 0.0012 |
| Serum albumin** | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 0.4120 |
| Chronic steroid use | 14 (9.9) | 8 (11.3) | 6 (8.5) | 0.5734 |
*
P values test association between occlusion type (embolic/thrombotic) and patient characteristic (chi-square or Fisher exact test for categorical, and t test for continuous).
†
Fisher exact test used in place of chi square as a result of low expected cell counts.
‡
90+ set to 90.
§
Greater than 20% missing data.
||
Dialysis indicated or creatinine greater than 6.0.
¶
Greater than 15% missing data for thrombotic.
#
Set to 0 for preoperative dialysis.
**
Greater than 15% missing data for embolic, greater than 20% for thrombotic.