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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Crit Care Med. 2016 Dec;44(12):e1155–e1164. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001949

Table 4.

Responsiveness to change of FSS-ICU score versus MMT and ADL scores

Change in FSS-ICU
Change in FSS-ICU
Effect size for FSS-ICU
Time point by publicationa MMT ScoreNegative or no changeb MMT Score Significant positive changeb ADL Score Negative or no changeb ADL Score Significant positive changeb
ICU awakening/admission to ICU discharge
USA – Kho 5.8 9.8 7.1 7.5 0.84
USA – Needham 5.8* 12.0* 0.99
Australia 3.9* 11.9* 0.84
Brazil – Netoc 13.5* 16.5* 2.62
Combined 10.0* 17.5* 7.1 7.5 2.02
ICU discharge to hospital discharge
USA – Kho 8.1 16.3 5.2* 13.8* 0.93
USA – Needham 5.3 8.5 0.69
Australia 13.0 7.0d 1.45
Combined 7.1 11.6 5.2* 13.8* 0.92
ICU awakening to hospital discharge
USA – Kho 10.5* 17.8* 10.7 15.9 1.71
USA – Needham 8.4* 15.3* 1.78
Australia 21.4 19.7 2.51
Combined 11.1* 15.6* 10.7 15.9 1.85

Abbreviations: FSS-ICU: functional status score for the intensive care unit; MMT: manual muscle testing; LOS: length of stay.

*

P<0.05 by two-sample t-test for comparison of “negative or no change” versus “significant positive change” categories.

a
Sample sizes for difference in FSS-ICU values by time point and outcome measure:
  • MMT (no change, positive change):
    • ICU awakening to ICU discharge: USA-Kho (13, 8), USA-Needham (30, 7), Australia (43, 23), Brazil – Neto (465, 73).
    • ICU discharge to hospital discharge: USA-Kho (22, 3), USA-Needham (31, 6), Australia (8, 1).
    • ICU awakening to hospital discharge: USA-Kho (15, 12), USA-Needham (22, 15), Australia (6, 3).
  • ADL (no change, positive change):
    • ICU awakening to ICU discharge: USA-Kho (22, 2).
    • ICU discharge to hospital discharge: USA-Kho (15, 11).
b

The “no change” category represents all patients who did not increase by >1 standard deviation (SD) at last available FSS-ICU time points; except for Brazil – Neto study, no patient had a decrease in MMT or ADL scores of >1 SD. The SD used for different studies: MMT: USA-Kho (7), USA-Needham (10), Australia (6), Brazil – Neto (14), Combined (8); ADL: USA-Kho (3).

c

In Brazil – Neto study there were patients with significant decrease (>1 SD) of MMT score from ICU admission to ICU discharge, and the change in FSS-ICU in MMT score significant negative change group was 2.9 (n=22). This is significantly different from the change in FSS-ICU in MMT score no change or positive change groups.

d

Only one patient was found in this group.