Table 2. Vaccination guidelines against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis.
| Country | Adults (18–65 yr) | Elderly (> 65 yr) | No. of cases of tetanus in 2015 | No. of cases of diphtheria in 2015 | No. of cases of pertussis in 2015 | Total population in 2015 (in thousands) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USA [13,14,15,16] | Every 10 yra) Tdap for each pregnant women |
Every 10 yra) | 25 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 0 | 18,166 | 321,774 |
| Canada [16,17] | Every 10 yra) | Every 10 yra) | 4 | 3 | 3,510 | 35,940 |
| Austria [16,18] | Every 10 yrb) | Every 5 yrc) | 0 (in 2012 the latest available year) | 0 | 579 | 8,545 |
| Belgium [16,18] | Every 10 yra) | Every 10 yra) | 0 (in 2012 the latest available year) | 2 | 1,203 | 11,299 |
| Bulgaria [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | 0 | 0 | 35 | 7,150 |
| Croatia [16,18] | Td at age 60 yr | 3 | 0 | 57 | 4,240 | |
| Cyprus [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1,165 |
| Czech Republic [16,18] | Every 10–15 yre) | Every 10–15 yre) | 1 | 0 | 585 | 10,543 |
| Denmark [16,18] | - | - | 1 (in 2013 the latest available year) | 1 | 962 | 5,669 |
| Estonia [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | 0 | 0 | 77 | 1,313 |
| Finland [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | NA | 0 (in 2013 the latest available year) | 192 (in 2013 the latest available year) | 5,503 |
| France [16,18] | Td-IPV at age 25 and 45 yrf) | Every 10 yrg) | 10 (in 2013 the latest available year) | 14 | 36 | 64,395 |
| Germany [16,18] | Every 10 yra) | Every 10 yra) | NA | 14 | 9,000 | 80,689 |
| Greece [16,18] | Every 10 yrh) | Every 10 yrh) | 2 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 0 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 16 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 10,955 |
| Hungary [16,18] | - | - | 2 | 0 | 6 | 9,855 |
| Iceland [16,18] | - | - | 0 | 0 | 4 | 329 |
| Ireland [16,18] | Tdap for each pregnant women | - | 1 | 1 | 118 | 4,688 |
| Italy [16,18] | Every 10 yri) | Every 10 yrd) | 47 | 1 | 225 (in 2012 the latest available year) | 59,798 |
| Latvia [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | 0 | 10 | 210 | 1,971 |
| Liechtenstein [16,18] | Booster at age 25-29, 45, and 65 yrj) | Every 10 yrd) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Lithuania [16,18] | Every 5–10 yr | Every 5–10 yr | 2 | 0 | 60 | 2,878 |
| Luxembourg [16,18] | Every 10 yrk) | Every 10 yrk) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 567 |
| Netherlands [16,18] | - | - | 0 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 0 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 8,960 | 16,925 |
| Norway [16,18] | - | - | 2 | 2 | 1,902 | 5,211 |
| Poland [16,18] | Td at age 19 yr | - | 14 (in 2013 the latest available year) | 0 (in 2013 the latest available year) | 2,183 | 38,612 |
| Portugal [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | 2 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 0 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 73 (in 2014 the latest available year) | 10,350 |
| Romania [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | 7 | 0 | 93 | 19,511 |
| Slovakia [16,18] | Every 15 yr | Every 15 yr | 0 | 0 | 334 | 5,426 |
| Slovenia [16,18] | Every 10 yrd) | Every 10 yrd) | 3 | 0 | 68 | 2,068 |
| Spain [16,18] | Td at age around 65 yr | 3 | 1 | 2,342 (in 2013 the latest available year) | 46,122 | |
| Sweden [16,18] | Every 20 yr | Every 20 yr | 0 | 1 | 603 | 9,779 |
| United Kingdom [16,18] | Tdap for each pregnant women | - | 6 | 1 | 5,207 | 64,716 |
| Australia [16,19] | Every 10 yr from age ≥50 yra) Tdap for each pregnant women |
Every 10 yra) | 3 | 2 | 22,508 | 23,969 |
| India [16,20] | Every 10 yra) | Every 10 yra) | 2,268 | 2,365 | 25,206 | 1,311,051 |
| Japan [16,21,22,23] | - | - | 120 | 0 | 2,675 | 126,573 |
| China [16,24] | - | - | 426(in 2014 the latest available year) | 0 | 6,658 | 1,376,049 |
| South Korea [16,25] | Every 10 yra) Tdap for pregnant women without previous Tdap vaccination before pregnancy or right after delivery |
Every 10 yra) | 22 | 0 | 205 | 50,293 |
Tdap, tetanus–diphtheria–acellular pertussis vaccine; Td, tetanus-diphtheria vaccine; NA, not available; Td-IPV, tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine.
a)One of the booster doses should contain the pertussis antigen (Tdap) for those who have not previously received a single dose of Tdap.
b)Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) and inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (DTaP-IPV) should be given every 10 years between 18 and 60 years of age.
c)DTaP-IPV should be given every 5 years from 65 years of age.
d)Td every 10 years for adults after receiving the childhood immunization schedule.
e)Subsequent booster dose of tetanus every 10-15 years. One of the booster doses should contain the pertussis antigen (Tdap). A single dose of Tdap is recommended to be given in pregnancy, ideally in the third trimester, between pregnancy weeks 28 and 36.
f)For those who did not receive a dose of pertussis-containing vaccine during the past 5 years, a booster with a quadrivalent vaccine (DTaP-IPV) is recommended when Td-IPV booster is administered at age 25.
g)Td-IPV every 10 years should be given from 65 years of age.
h)Td booster should be given every 10 years. One of the booster doses should be administered with Tdap or Tdap-IPV.
i)Tdap booster given 10 years after completing primary vaccination with DTaP-containing vaccines
j)First booster preferably administered before having a first child, in order to protect the newborn against pertussis.
k)Subsequent Tdap-IPV booster should be given every 10 years.