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. 2017 Feb 6;8:43. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00043

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Copyright © 2017 Elinder and Liin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Structures of unesterified fatty acids. (A) Unesterified fatty acids are classified according to the presence, number and geometry of double bonds in the acyl tail. Abbreviations: MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; SFA, saturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; The PUFA is shown in both cis and trans geometry. (B) Metabolic pathways of n-3 and n-6 fatty acid synthesis. α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are the precursors of n-3 and 6 PUFAs, respectively. Different desaturases and elongases convert these precursors to different long-chain PUFAs.