Table 3.
Oslo Health Study 2000–2001, 40- and 45- year olds living in areas east and west Odds ratio for much pain/stiffness in muscles and/or joints, related to demographic variables, lifestyle and mental distress. Logistic regression analyses.
| Odds ratio (95 % CI), unadjusted | Odds ratio (95 % CI), adjusted1 | |
| Female sex | 1.45 (1.15 – 1.83) | 1.85 (1.40 – 2.45) |
| Single status | 1.02 (0.82 – 1.29) | |
| Area east | 1.88 (1.49 – 2.38) | 1.22 (0.92 – 1.62) |
| Low education | 2.11 (1.43 – 3.16) | 1.09 (0.67 – 1.78) |
| Low income | 1.34 (1.01 – 1.79) | |
| Low household income | 1.1 (0.72 – 1.68) | |
| Non-western country of origin | 4.41 (3.25 – 5.99) | 3.17 (2.17 – 4.63) |
| Daily smoking | 0.81 (0.64 – 1.04) | |
| No hard exercise | 2.00 (1.55 – 2.59) | 1.37 (1.01 – 1.85) |
| Mental health problems | 3.87 (2.92 – 5.14) | 2.70 (1.94 – 3.76) |
1Variables included into analyses: sex, area, education, country of origin, exercise, mental health problems.