Table 3.
Univariate analyses for acute chemical releases involving evacuations, by type of event.
| Variable | Fixed Facilities | Transportation | ||||
| No. | % with evac. | POR (95% CI) | No. | % with evac. | POR (95% CI) | |
| Time of day | ||||||
| 0000–0559 | 4130 | 6.5 | referent | 1237 | 4.9 | referent |
| 0600–1159 | 10188 | 10.4 | 1.67 (1.45–1.92) | 3085 | 5.1 | 1.04 (0.77–1.41) |
| 1200–1759 | 9363 | 10.2 | 1.64 (1.42–1.88) | 2591 | 5.4 | 1.11 (0.82–1.51) |
| 1800–2359 | 5100 | 10.5 | 1.69 (1.45–1.97) | 1210 | 6.1 | 1.26 (0.89–1.78) |
| Day of week | ||||||
| Weekend | 5790 | 5.0 | referent | 1262 | 7.7 | referent |
| Weekday | 24400 | 4.8 | 1.26 (1.14–1.40) | 8170 | 8.8 | 0.95 (0.73–1.25) |
| Season | ||||||
| Dec.-Feb. | 6683 | 9.2 | referent | 1682 | 5.4 | referent |
| Mar.-May | 8058 | 9.6 | 1.04 (0.93–1.17) | 2860 | 4.6 | 0.86 (0.65–1.13) |
| Jun.-Aug. | 8559 | 10.3 | 1.12 (1.01–1.25) | 2849 | 4.7 | 0.87 (0.66–1.14) |
| Sep.-Nov | 6890 | 10.1 | 1.10 (0.98–1.23) | 2041 | 4.8 | 0.89 (0.67–1.20) |
| Area* | ||||||
| Industrial | 18958 | 8.5 | 0.60 (0.48–0.75) | 2579 | 5.7 | 0.61 (0.43–0.85) |
| Commercial | 5438 | 5.2 | 3.11 (2.49–3.88) | 3436 | 3.5 | 0.87 (0.63–1.19) |
| Residential | 2158 | 22.3 | 1.50 (1.38–1.62) | 637 | 5.0 | 1.12 (0.98–1.28) |
| Agricultural | 2269 | 23.6 | 0.68 (0.51–0.89) | 1681 | 7.9 | 0.86 (0.60–1.22) |
| Other | 1089 | 5.9 | referent | 947 | 4.9 | referent |
| Release Type | ||||||
| Spill | 11129 | 6.9 | referent | 7999 | 3.1 | referent |
| Air | 17222 | 9.3 | 1.38 (1.27–1.51) | 945 | 12.7 | 4.55 (3.61–5.72) |
| Fire | 869 | 35.7 | 7.48 (6.40–8.75) | 134 | 20.2 | 7.89 (5.08–12.25) |
| Explosion | 242 | 36.8 | 7.85 (5.98–10.29) | 10 | 20.0 | 7.81 (1.65–36.99) |
| Fire & explosion | 96 | 46.9 | 11.90 (7.92–17.89) | 4 | 25.0 | 10.42 (1.08–100.5) |
| Threatened | 335 | 34.9 | 7.24 (5.72–9.17) | 231 | 20.8 | 8.20 (5.82–11.54) |
| Substances†,‡ | ||||||
| Acid | 1850 | 9.6 | 1.46 (1.27–1.67) | NA | ||
| Ammonia | 2144 | 24.6 | 3.44 (3.09–3.83) | 290 | 18.3 | 4.89 (3.57–6.69) |
| Chlorine | 599 | 33.1 | 4.79 (4.03–5.71) | 22 | 27.3 | 7.52 (2.93–19.31) |
| Multiple substances§ | 1213 | 25.6 | 3.41 (2.98–3.90) | 386 | 14.8 | 3.79 (2.81–5.10) |
*Type of general land use of the surrounding area in which the event occurred.
†Only substance categories with a 95% CI greater than 1.0 are presented.
‡ Substance categories were coded as yes/no. The referent group is all other substances.
§Events with more than one hazardous substance released from different chemical categories.