Table S1.

Soil properties and topographical characteristics of the field-scale fields (based on 65 soil cores from 10 fields)

Soil/topographical characteristic	Mean	Coefficient of variation	Minimum	Maximum
Sand content (%)
0–20cm	57	31	4	90
20–35 cm	57	38	3	91
35–50 cm	64	40	2	95
50–70 cm	73	34	2	96
70–90 cm	77	32	5	98
Clay content (%)
0–20 cm	11	39	5	24
20–35 cm	13	46	1	26
35–50 cm	13	54	3	36
50–70 cm	10	61	1	35
70–90 cm	8	67	2	24
Bulk density (g cm−3)
0–20 cm	1.52	12	1.02	1.95
20–35 cm	1.73	9	1.29	1.99
35–50 cm	1.78	10	1.37	2.22
50–70 cm	1.80	8	1.38	2.09
70–90 cm	1.83	8	1.42	2.13
Soil organic C (%)
0–20 cm	1.00	49	0.49	4.07
20–35 cm	0.54	64	0.15	2.06
35–50 cm	0.31	88	0.01	1.04
50–70 cm	0.24	116	0.01	1.06
70–90 cm	0.18	150	0.01	1.11
Range of elevation within the field (m)	5.0	55	1.9	9.8
Terrain slope (%)	2.6	76	0.3	9.0