TABLE I. Inhibitory effect (IC50/24 h) and selectivity index (SI) of Piper aduncum essential oil (PaEO) for the treatment of different Trypanosoma cruzi developmental forms, compared with benznidazole (BZ).
| IC50/24 h (mg/mL) | Selectivity index (SI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| PaEO | BZ | PaEOa | BZb | |
| Cell-derived trypomastigotes (28ºC) | 2.8 | 16.1 | 15.3 | 63.4 |
| Cell-derived trypomastigotes (4ºC) | 3.8 | ND | 11.3 | ND |
| Metacyclic trypomastigotes (28ºC) | 12.1 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 3,646.4 |
| Epimastigotes (28ºC) | 84.7 | 14.7 | 0.5 | 69.4 |
| Amastigotes (37ºC) | 9 | 0.8 | 4.7 | 1,276.2 |
a: SI = CC50 PaEO on Vero cells (42.8 µg/mL) / IC50 PaEO; b: SI = CC50 BZ on Vero cells (1021 µg/mL) / IC50 BZ; ND: not done.