Table 2.

Cox proportional hazard models of all-cause and cause-specific mortality by mean corpuscular volume category

	All-Cause Mortality		CVD Mortality		Infection Mortality
	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P Value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P Value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P Value
Unadjusted model	1.94 (1.46 to 2.57)	<0.001	2.78 (1.45 to 5.31)	0.002	1.94 (1.28 to 2.94)	0.002
Model 1	1.70 (1.28 to 2.26)	<0.001	2.29 (1.20 to 4.39)	0.01	1.66 (1.09 to 2.53)	0.01
Model 2	1.69 (1.27 to 2.25)	<0.001	2.29 (1.20 to 4.39)	0.01	1.67 (1.11 to 2.55)	0.01
Model 3	2.13 (1.59 to 2.86)	<0.001	3.64 (1.83 to 7.23)	<0.001	2.02 (1.31 to 3.11)	0.002
Model 4	2.12 (1.58 to 2.85)	<0.001	3.67 (1.84 to 7.33)	<0.001	2.02 (1.31 to 3.11)	0.002
Model 5	2.19 (1.62 to 2.96)	<0.001	3.57 (1.80 to 7.06)	<0.001	2.22 (1.41 to 3.49)	0.001

The referent group for all models is mean corpuscular volume below the median of 90.8. The variables for adjustments in models 1–5 are described. Model 1: mean corpuscular volume, age categories, sex, body mass index, educational level, marital status, and causes of CKD. Model 2: model 1 plus alcohol and smoking. Model 3: model 2 plus albumin, BUN, eGFR, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, white blood cell, hemoglobin, platelet, red cell distribution width, calcium, phosphate, cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, and proteinuria. Model 4: model 3 plus angiotensin–converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker, vitamin B12, iron preparation, folic acid, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent, fibrate, and statin. Model 5: model 4 plus cancer, cerebrovascular disease, chronic lung disease, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, dementia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, liver cirrhosis, peripheral arterial disease, and autoimmune disease. CVD, cardiovascular disease; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.