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. 2017 Feb 6;12:86. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1810-1

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 8 — Statistical analysis of alizarin red S staining and ALP assay in MG63 osteoblasts cultured over different nanoporous artificial microenvironments. a The extent of calcium mineralization on various nanosurfaces over different days calculated from the alizarin red S staining. Maximum mineralization was seen in cells on 100-nm nanoporous surfaces for days 10 and 14. A consistent decrement in mineralization was observed as the nanopore diameter became greater than 100 nm. One hundred-nanometer nanopore diameter marked as the transition step in regulating the calcium mineralization. b ALP assay of cells over different days. Maximum ALP activity was observed in cells on 100-nm nanoporous surfaces. One hundred-nanometer nanopore diameter was recognized as the transition step for regulating the ALP activity in the cells. * represents statistically significant values with p < 0.05, ** represents highly significant values with p < 0.01