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. 2017 Feb 7;7:42004. doi: 10.1038/srep42004

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

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(A) Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) expression and (B) apoptosis were assessed by Annexin V and SYTOX orange staining using flow cytometry after 48 h of stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by multiplicity of infection (MOI) 100 of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) dead bacilli. Early apoptosis was defined as Annexin V (+) and SYTOX orange (−), whereas overall apoptosis was defined as Annexin V (+) and either SYTOX orange (+) or (−). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare healthy controls and patients with MAC-lung disease, while the Wilcoxon test was used to compare mock and stimulation in the same subject. *0.01 ≤ p < 0.05; **0.001 < p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.