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. 2017 Feb 7;7:42004. doi: 10.1038/srep42004

Figure 6.

Figure 6

(A) Cytokines were measured by assaying human monocyte derived macrophages with heat-killed Mycobacterium avium bacilli (MAC [MOI:100]) for 24 h. After co-culturing MAC-primed macrophages with CD14-negative cells from the same subjects for 5 days, we measured (B) cytokine responses, (C) the expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), PD ligand-1 (PD-L1), and (D) Annexin V on CD4 lymphocytes, and changes in (E) interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) by blocking PD-1/PD-L1 in the patients with MAC-lung disease (LD) and (F) healthy controls. The crossed lines in dot plots (A,B,D) are mean values. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare controls and patients, while the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the assays with or without blocking antibodies in the same subject. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; IFN-γ, interferon-gamma; MOI, multiplicity of infection; ns, no statistical significance. *0.01 < p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.