Fig. 2.

Comparison of YMS fractions and reference drugs for bio-activities against ABTS- and H₂O₂-mediated free radical generation and H₂O₂- induced cell death. a Free radical scavenging activities of YMS fractions. Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM); n = 3. ^c p < 0.001 versus the corresponding YMS-EA group. b Inhibitory effects of YMS fractions (100 μg/ml), aminoguanidine (AG; 2 mM), metformin (Met; 100 μM), and trolox (Trox; 100 μM) on H₂O₂ (125 μM)-induced ROS levels in BRIN-BD11 cells after 24 h. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 5). ^a p < 0.05, ^b p < 0.01, ^c p < 0.001 versus the YMS-EA group. c Viability of BRIN-BD11 cells that were treated with H₂O₂ (125 μM) for 24 h in the presence of YMS fractions, AG, Met, and Trox. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 5). ^b p < 0.01 and ^c p < 0.001 versus the YMS-EA group