Table 2.
Prevalence of frequent and cardiopulmonary comorbidity in the study population, sorted from highest to lowest prevalence rate
| Total study populationa, (n = 14,603) | Patients with <2 exacerbations/year, (n = 13,709) | Patients with ≥2 exacerbations/year, (n = 894) | p-valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequent comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 5,116 (35 · 0) | 4,805 (35 · 2) | 311 (34 · 8) | 0 · 873 |
| Coronary heart disease | 2,759 (18 · 9) | 2,569 (18 · 7) | 191 (21 · 4) | 0 · 051 |
| Osteoarthritis | 2,570 (17 · 6) | 2,402 (17 · 5) | 168 (18 · 8) | 0 · 334 |
| Diabetes | 2,464 (16 · 9) | 2,330 17 · 0) | 134 (15 · 0) | 0 · 120 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2,031 (13 · 9) | 1,897 (14 · 8) | 150 (16 · 8) | 0 · 006 |
| Blindness & low vision | 1,938 (13 · 3) | 1,772 (12 · 9) | 166 (18 · 6) | <0 · 001 |
| Dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux | 1,845 (12 · 6) | 1,703 (12 · 4) | 142 (15 · 9) | 0 · 003 |
| Dislipidemia | 1,703 (11 · 7) | 1,613 (11 · 8) | 90 (10 · 1) | 0 · 125 |
| Stroke & transient ischaemic attack | 1,357 (9 · 3) | 1,259 (9 · 2) | 98 (11 · 0) | 0 · 076 |
| Chronic kidney diease | 1,360 (9 · 3) | 1,263 (9 · 2) | 97 (10 · 9) | 0 · 103 |
| Asthma | 1,305 (8 · 9) | 1,202 (8 · 8) | 103 (11 · 5) | 0 · 005 |
| Hearing loss | 1,144 (7 · 8) | 1,078 (7 · 9) | 66 (7 · 4) | 0 · 604 |
| Heart failure | 1,048 (7 · 2) | 943 (6 · 9) | 105 (11 · 7) | <0 · 001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1,044 (7 · 1) | 964 (7 · 0) | 80 (8 · 9) | 0 · 031 |
| Skin cancer | 913 (6 · 3) | 862 (6 · 3) | 51 (5 · 7) | 0 · 485 |
| Osteoporosis/osteopenia | 884 (6 · 1) | 801 (5 · 8) | 83 (9 · 3) | <0 · 001 |
| Thyroid disorder | 808 (5 · 5) | 757 (5 · 5) | 51 (5 · 9) | 0 · 817 |
| Depression | 800 (5 · 5) | 729 (5 · 3) | 71 (7 · 9) | 0 · 001 |
| Prostate disorders | 784 (5 · 4) | 719 (5 · 2) | 65 (7 · 3) | 0 · 009 |
| Cardiopulmonary comorbidity | ||||
| Heart valve disease | 568 (3 · 9) | 528 (3 · 9) | 40 (7 · 8) | 0 · 035 |
| Bronchiectasis/chronic bronchitis | 414 (2 · 8) | 379 (2 · 8) | 35 (3 · 9) | 0 · 045 |
| Pulmonary cancer | 317 (2 · 2) | 284 (2 · 1) | 33 (3 · 7) | 0 · 001 |
| Sleep apneu syndrome | 173 (1 · 2) | 161 (1 · 2) | 12 (1 · 3) | 0 · 653 |
| Other chronic pulmonary disease | 157 (1 · 1) | 148 (1 · 1) | 9 (1 · 0) | 0 · 838 |
| Recurrent sinusitis | 54 (0 · 4) | 49 (0 · 4) | 55 (6 · 2) | 0 · 335 |
| Congenital cardiovascular anomaly | 32 (0 · 2) | 28 (0 · 2) | 4 (0 · 4) | 0 · 132 |
aCOPD population with complete data available, patients lost to follow-up (n = 1,824) excluded
b p-values displayed are calculated for the difference between the subgroup <2 versus ≥2 exacerbations/year Chi-square tests for categorized variables. p < 0 · 05 was considered statistically significant