Table 1.
Definition of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Diagnostic Criteria. Reprinted with permission of the American Thoracic Society. Copyright © 2016 American Thoracic Society. Jobe, A.H.; Bancalari, E. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2001, 163, 1723–1729. The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine is an official journal of the American Thoracic Society.
| Gestational Age | <32 wk | ≥32 wk |
|---|---|---|
| Time point of assessment | 36 wk PMA or discharge to home, whichever comes first | >28 d but <56 d postnatal age or discharge to home, whichever comes first |
| Treatment with oxygen > 21% for at least 28 d plus | ||
| Mild BPD | Breathing room air at 36 wk PMA or discharge, whichever comes first | Breathing room air by 56 d postnatal age or discharge, whichever comes first |
| Moderate BPD | Need * for <30% oxygen at 36 wk PMA or discharge, whichever comes first | Need * for <30% oxygen at 56 d postnatal age or discharge, whichever comes first |
| Severe BPD | Need * for ≥30% oxygen and/or positive pressure, (PPV or NCPAP) at 36 wk PMA or discharge, whichever comes first | Need * for ≥30% oxygen and/or positive pressure (PPV or NCPAP) at 56 d postnatal age or discharge, whichever comes first |
Definition of abbreviations: BPD = bronchopulmonary dysplasia; NCPAP = nasal continuous positive airway pressure; PMA = post menstrual age; PPV = positive pressure ventilation. * A physiologic test confirming that the oxygen requirement at the assessment time point remains to be defined. This assessment may include a pulse oximetry saturation range.
BPD usually develops in neonates being treated with oxygen and positive pressure ventilation for respiratory failure, most commonly respiratory (e.g., central apnea or diaphragmatic paralysis) do not have BPD unless they also develop parenchymal lung disease and exhibit clinical feature of respiratory distress. A day of treatment with oxygen > 21% means that the infant received oxygen > 21% for more than 12 h on that day. Treatment with oxygen > 21% and/or positive pressure at 36 wk PMA, or at 56 d postnatal age or discharge, should not reflect an “acute” event, but should rather reflect the infant’s usual daily therapy for several days preceding and following 36 wk PMA, 56 d postnatal age, or discharge.