Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics for the rural women of the study population according to the lowest and highest tertiles of the three nutrient patterns (PC).
| Magnesium, Phosphorus and Plant Protein Driven Nutrients | Fat and Animal Protein Driven Nutrients | Starch, Dietary Fibre and B Vitamin Driven Nutrients | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T3 | p | T1 | T3 | p | T1 | T3 | p | |
| Age | 48.72 ± 10.23 | 47.51 ± 9.57 | 0.247 | 47.94 ± 8.89 | 47.73 ± 10.16 | 0.837 | 49.15 ± 10.40 | 46.94 ± 8.99 | 0.036 |
| Body Mass Index | 25.28 ± 6.63 | 25.27 ± 6.58 | 0.988 | 25.31 ± 6.75 | 26.13 ± 6.85 | 0.262 | 25.26 ± 6.41 | 25.65 ± 7.11 | 0.605 |
| Total energy | 4322.96 ± 1217.30 | 8365.01 ± 2476.92 | <0.001 | 5631.33 ± 2816.62 | 6883.88 ± 2189.38 | <0.001 | 5893.08 ± 2645.21 | 6567.51 ± 2425.60 | 0.013 |
| Alcohol (%TE) | 0.76 ± 2.56 | 7.42 ± 12.56 | <0.001 | 5.54 ± 11.70 | 1.47 ± 4.40 | <0.001 | 5.36 ± 11.91 | 1.69 ± 5.01 | <0.001 |
| Protein (%TE) | 11.26 ± 1.96 | 10.77 ± 1.64 | 0.008 | 10.27 ± 1.33 | 11.67 ± 1.81 | <0.001 | 11.23 ± 2.05 | 10.91 ± 1.31 | 0.092 |
| Current Smokers (%) | 33.5 | 36.8 | 0.168 | 38.0 | 34.7 | 0.005 | 30.6 | 36.4 | 0.595 |
| Physical Activity Index | 8.19 ± 1.42 | 8.28 ± 1.42 | 0.593 | 8.29 ± 1.29 | 8.32 ± 1.55 | 0.854 | 8.23 ± 1.37 | 8.44 ± 1.45 | 0.205 |
| Tertiary education (%) | 33.7 | 24.5 | 0.058 | 26.5 | 42.9 | 0.028 | 28.6 | 38.8 | 0.854 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol·L−1) | 4.73 ± 0.78 | 4.93 ± 1.47 | 0.219 | 4.91 ± 1.18 | 4.87 ± 1.02 | 0.784 | 5.12 ± 2.41 | 4.88 ± 0.83 | 0.160 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.64 ± 0.53 | 5.67 ± 0.93 | 0.785 | 5.68 ± 0.91 | 5.69 ± 0.58 | 0.843 | 5.84 ± 1.23 | 5.62 ± 0.55 | 0.027 |
p = p value based on ANOVA or Chi-square test where appropriate; Alcohol (%TE) = percentage of total energy due to alcohol intake; Protein (%TE) = percentage of total energy due to protein intake; T1 = lowest tertile; T3 = highest tertile, TE = total energy; HbA1C = glycated haemoglobin.