Table 1. Basic Subject Characteristics Based on Heart Failure Type.
| Variable | HFpEF (n = 50) | HFrEF (n = 60) | Total (n = 110) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (± SD) | 59.7 ± 9.2 | 57.9 ± 10.1 | 58.6 ± 9.9 | 0.29 |
| Sex | 0.003 | |||
| Male, n (%) | 28 (56) | 49 (81.7) | 77 (70) | |
| Female, n (%) | 22 (44) | 11 (18.3) | 33 (30) | |
| Risk factor | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 46 (92) | 39 (65) | 85 (77.2) | 0.001 |
| DM, n (%) | 19 (38) | 13 (21.7) | 32 (29.1) | 0.06 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 11 (22) | 29 (48.3) | 40 (36.3) | 0.004 |
| Therapy | ||||
| ACE-I/ARB, n (%) | 50 (100) | 60 (100) | 110 (100) | 1.000 |
| Diuretic, n (%) | 37 (74) | 57 (95) | 94 (85.4) | 0.002 |
| Beta blocker, n (%) | 21 (42) | 30 (50) | 51 (46.3) | 0.042 |
| CCB, n (%) | 22 (44) | 6 (10) | 28 (25.4) | < 0.0001 |
HFpEF: heart failure preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF: heart failure reduced ejection fraction; DM: diabetes mellitus; ACE-I: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB: calcium channel blocker.