(A and B) Whole blood was isolated from Brazilian patients with CL or endemic healthy controls and stained directly ex vivo for HLA-DR and CD66b. Granulocytes were gated by forward (FSC) and side scatter (SSC) and on single cells resulting in representative flow plots showing HLA-DR expression on CD66b+ neutrophils from a patient with CL and a healthy endemic control, respectively. (C) Quantification of HLA-DR+ expression on total patients vs. endemic controls (unpaired Welch’s t test). (D) Expression of the monocyte marker CD14 and neutrophil marker CD15 is shown on monocytes (red), HLA-DR+ PMNs (blue), or HLA-DR− PMNs (orange). (E) Flow plot showing HLA-DR expression on CD66b+CD15+CD11b+ PMNs from lesions of patients with CL. (F) Quantification of surface HLA-DR on PMNs (CD15+CD66b+CD11b+), non-PMN myeloid cells (CD11b+CD66b−), and lymphocytes (CD11b− FSC, SSC) in lesions from patients with CL.