Table 2.
Associations between traffic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure in 1960–1990 and breast cancer, stratified by DNA repair genotype
| Associations between tertiles of traffic exposure and breast cancer within genotype strata | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DNA repair polymorphisms |
Genotype1 | Cases (n) | Controls (n) | Tertile of exposure2 |
Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) |
p for trend | p3 |
|
XPA – 4A/G rs1800975 |
GG | 51–634 | 63–74 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.74 | 0.41 |
| 67–67 | 53–62 | 2 | 1.32 (0.78, 2.24) | ||||
| 49–58 | 54–59 | 3 | 1.08 (0.63, 1.87) | ||||
| GA or AA | 60–75 | 76–92 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.11 | ||
| 57–67 | 84–97 | 2 | 0.87 (0.52, 1.43) | ||||
| 78–90 | 60–76 | 3 | 1.50 (0.91, 2.47) | ||||
|
ERCC1 8092C/A rs3212986 |
CC | 57–68 | 75–88 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.47 | 0.63 |
| 63–72 | 72–86 | 2 | 1.11 (0.68, 1.82) | ||||
| 60–72 | 64–73 | 3 | 1.21 (0.73, 2.01) | ||||
| CA or AA | 56–71 | 64–78 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.24 | ||
| 56–66 | 66–76 | 2 | 0.89 (0.53, 1.51) | ||||
| 68–75 | 50–61 | 3 | 1.39 (0.82, 2.36) | ||||
|
ERCC4 Arg415Gln rs1800067 |
GG | 93–109 | 109–130 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 0.57 |
| 100–112 | 121–135 | 2 | 0.98 (0.66, 1.45) | ||||
| 105–118 | 85–101 | 3 | 1.37 (0.91, 2.06) | ||||
| GA or AA | 17–25 | 24–31 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.91 | ||
| 13–19 | 17–23 | 2 | 1.04 (0.41, 2.66) | ||||
| 17–21 | 19–24 | 3 | 1.03 (0.42, 2.53) | ||||
|
ERCC5 Asp1104His rs17655 |
GG | 64–78 | 68–82 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.34 | 0.55 |
| 57–68 | 79–92 | 2 | 0.81 (0.49, 1.34) | ||||
| 67–78 | 53–67 | 3 | 1.31 (0.78, 2.18) | ||||
| GC or CC | 43–56 | 60–74 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.51 | ||
| 52–59 | 55–64 | 2 | 1.22 (0.69, 2.16) | ||||
| 49–58 | 53–61 | 3 | 1.22 (0.69, 2.14) | ||||
|
ERCC2 Lys751Gln rs13181 |
AA | 38–49 | 52–65 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.57 | 0.50 |
| 51–58 | 55–64 | 2 | 1.24 (0.71, 2.18) | ||||
| 47–53 | 51–59 | 3 | 1.19 (0.66, 2.12) | ||||
| AC | 59–70 | 61–73 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.42 | ||
| 50–58 | 63–74 | 2 | 0.79 (0.46, 1.35) | ||||
| 60–69 | 48–56 | 3 | 1.27 (0.74, 2.16) | ||||
| CC | 10–16 | 23–29 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.10 | ||
| 17–21 | 18–23 | 2 | 1.77 (0.66, 4.74) | ||||
| 19–24 | 16–21 | 3 | 2.24 (0.80, 6.25) | ||||
|
ERCC2 Asp312Asn rs1799793 |
GG | 47–57 | 58–74 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.61 | 0.57 |
| 51–61 | 63–73 | 2 | 1.07 (0.62, 1.83) | ||||
| 49–57 | 52–62 | 3 | 1.16 (0.66, 2.05) | ||||
| GA or AA | 64–81 | 79–94 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.18 | ||
| 65–77 | 75–88 | 2 | 1.02 (0.63, 1.66) | ||||
| 77–87 | 63–74 | 3 | 1.40 (0.87, 2.26) | ||||
|
XRCC1 Arg399Gln rs25487 |
GG | 36–45 | 56–69 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.04 | 0.59 |
| 49–60 | 50–59 | 2 | 1.51 (0.85, 2.68) | ||||
| 55–65 | 41–51 | 3 | 1.88 (1.04, 3.41) | ||||
| GA | 60–74 | 62–79 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.93 | ||
| 55–64 | 70–88 | 2 | 0.83 (0.50, 1.40) | ||||
| 62–69 | 59–68 | 3 | 1.02 (0.61, 1.72) | ||||
| AA | 12–19 | 16–21 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.98 | ||
| 11–16 | 17–22 | 2 | 0.74 (0.25, 2.18) | ||||
| 11–17 | 13–17 | 3 | 1.07 (0.36, 3.18) | ||||
|
XRCC1 Arg194Trp rs1799782 |
CC | 102–121 | 122–144 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.44 | 0.30 |
| 104–116 | 122–137 | 2 | 0.99 (0.68, 1.46) | ||||
| 110–121 | 104–117 | 3 | 1.17 (0.79, 1.73) | ||||
| CT or TT | 10–14 | 17–24 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.05 | ||
| 16–20 | 20–24 | 2 | 1.61 (0.54, 4.76) | ||||
| 19–23 | 13–18 | 3 | 3.04 (0.97, 9.51) | ||||
|
OGG1 Ser326Cys rs1052133 |
CC | 65–78 | 88–106 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.02 | 0.52 |
| 64–75 | 78–90 | 2 | 1.14 (0.71, 1.84) | ||||
| 77–90 | 58–69 | 3 | 1.77 (1.09, 2.88) | ||||
| GC or GG | 46–57 | 48–56 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.52 | ||
| 50–60 | 57–70 | 2 | 0.87 (0.49, 1.54) | ||||
| 49–56 | 57–68 | 3 | 0.84 (0.48, 1.47) | ||||
1
Women with heterozygote and homozygote variant genotypes were combined to avoid cell sizes of <10.
2
Traffic PAH exposures were calculated as units of average annual exposure in 1995. Tertiles: 0–144.50, 144.51–220.35 and ≥220.36 relative units.
3
p for interaction.
4
Effect estimates and their associated confidence intervals were combined across 30 imputed data sets; sample sizes vary across data sets because some women exceeded the 20% limit on imputation percentage for certain imputation draws.