Table 2.
Sleep parameters across groups.
| ADHD | Control | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | t | df | p | d | |
| Time in bed (min) | 530.0 (7.1) | 543.1 (6.4) | –1.38 | 32 | 0.179 | -0.47 |
| Total sleep time (min) | 475.6 (9.0) | 482.7 (8.9) | –0.56 | 32 | 0.578 | -0.19 |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 89.7 (1.2) | 88.9 (0.9) | 0.52 | 32 | 0.609 | 0.18 |
| Sleep onset lat. (min) | 19.5 (3.8) | 25.2 (4.5) | –0.96 | 32 | 0.345 | -0.33 |
| REM sleep lat. (min) | 104.6 (11.6) | 107.8 (8.1) | –0.22 | 32 | 0.825 | -0.08 |
| Awake (min) | 48.1 (6.4) | 53.6 (4.6) | –0.70 | 32 | 0.490 | -0.24 |
| S1 (min) | 39.3 (3.9) | 45.7 (3.2) | –1.27 | 32 | 0.213 | -0.44 |
| S2 (min) | 233.6 (6.3) | 220.0 (11.4) | 1.05 | 32 | 0.300 | 0.36 |
| S3 (min) | 41.7 (2.8) | 40.4 (1.8) | 0.39 | 32 | 0.702 | 0.13 |
| S4 (min) | 69.2 (4.5) | 76.6 (4.6) | –1.16 | 32 | 0.256 | -0.40 |
| Non-REM sleep (min) | 344.5 (7.3) | 338.7 (9.3) | 0.49 | 32 | 0.627 | 0.17 |
| REM sleep (min) | 91.7 (4.8) | 96.5 (4.4) | –0.73 | 32 | 0.468 | -0.25 |
ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; SEM, standard error of the mean; S1–S4 and REM sleep rated according to the criteria of Rechtschaffen and Kales (1968).