Table 2.
Chemical composition of untreated and steam exploded lignocellulosic biomasses
| Lignocellulosic biomass | Pretreatment severity (CSF) | Moisture content | Glucose | Hemicellulosea | AILb | ASLc | Total lignind | Ash |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miscanthus × giganteus | Untreated | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 45.3 ± 0.8 | 25.3 ± 0.7 | 23.8 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 25.5 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.1 |
| 2.0 | 2.8 ± 0.1 | 65.5 ± 3.4 | 5.6 ± 0.4 | 25.7 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 27.2 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | |
| 2.6 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 66.7 ± 2.7 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 27.3 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 29.1 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | |
| 2.7 | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 65.8 ± 1.9 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 27.8 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 29.6 ± 1.0 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | |
| 2.8 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 64.7 ± 4.1 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 27.7 ± 0.3 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 29.7 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | |
| Poplar | Untreated | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 43.2 ± 2.6 | 20.2 ± 1.3 | 27.8 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 29.5 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.2 |
| 2.0 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 59.4 ± 3.3 | 6.4 ± 1.5 | 28.8 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 30.5 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | |
| 2.6 | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 61.6 ± 3.3 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 31.0 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 33.0 ± 0.6 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | |
| 2.8 | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 62.7 ± 1.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 31.1 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 33.4 ± 0.7 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | |
| Wheat straw | Untreated | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 39.1 ± 2.2 | 29.4 ± 1.8 | 22.6 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 24.6 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.3 |
| 2.0 | 3.6 ± 0.1 | 59.5 ± 1.6 | 10.0 ± 0.4 | 23.0 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 24.6 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | |
| 2.6 | 3.4 ± 0.3 | 63.4 ± 2.0 | 4.3 ± 0.3 | 25.4 ± 0.4 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 27.3 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | |
| 2.7 | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 63.7 ± 2.3 | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 25.2 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 27.2 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | |
| 2.8 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 63.2 ± 0.7 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 28.0 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 30.1 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.1 |
Compositions are expressed as percentage (% w/w) of the residues
aHemicellulose (%) = Xyl (%) + Ara (%) + Gal (%) + Rha (%) + Man (%) + galacturonic acid (%) + glucuronic acid (%)
bAcid insoluble Klason lignin
cAcid soluble lignin
dTotal lignin (%) = acid insoluble lignin (%) + acid soluble lignin (%)