Figure 7.

Effects of MIA and/or vitamin C on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expressions. SW1353 cells were incubated with 100 μM vitamin C in the presence or absence of 5 μM MIA for 24 h; then, the cells were harvested and the mRNA was extracted, followed by reverse transcription and real-time PCR analysis for MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13. The data are expressed as fold changes compared to untreated control. The dashed line shows Y = 1 of control for reference. The results are the mean ± S.D. for three separate experiments, each in triplicate. * p < 0.05 compared to the untreated control. # p < 0.05 compared to the MIA treated group.