Figure 5.
Bactericidal effect of aPDT with ICG-Nano/c in the external irradiation model. (A) Bactericidal effects with irradiation of different durations (1, 3, and 5 min) were shown by quantification of viable cell counts; (B) Bactericidal effects with or without ICG-Nano/c and laser irradiation for 3 min were shown by quantification of viable cell counts. P. gingivalis (108 CFU/mL) mixed with ICG-Nano/c were irradiated intermittently (10 s pause every 60 s) by the diode laser at a peak power output of 2 W in a 50% duty cycle with air cooling. Data are the mean ± standard deviation. * p < 0.05 (n = 3).