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. 2017 Jan 17;18(1):157. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010157

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© 2017 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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PP242 alleviated the change of claudin-2 expression and intestinal epithelial tight junction function in TNF-α treated Caco-2 cells. (A) Western blot analysis of claudin-2 after TNF-α (10 ng/mL, 48 h) and/or PP242 (1 μm, 24 h) treatment. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of claudin-2 after TNF-α and/or PP242 treatment in Caco-2 cell monolayers. The green and blue fluorescence were represented the claudin-2 protein and nucleus, respectively. Scale bar: 20 μm. (C) The effect of PP242 (1 μm, 24 h) on TER of Caco-2 cell monolayers treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL, 48 h). (D) The effect of PP242 on the permeability of FITC-dextran in TNF-α treated Caco-2 cell monolayers. Data were shown as mean ± SD and replicated three times. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 versus control group. ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 versus TNF-α group. n.s., no significant. Ctr, control group.