Table 1.
miRNAs involved in colorectal cancer (CRC).
| miRNA Name | Target | Function of miRNA | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| miR-34a | SIRT1, FMNL2 and E2F5 | Inhibition and induction of p53 acetylation | [53,54] |
| miR143 | DNMT, KRAS | Induction of cell proliferation | [55] |
| miR135 | APC | Suppression of WNT pathway | [55] |
| miR-29 | DNMT 3A and 3B | Reduction of methylation | [56] |
| miR-21 | PDCD4 | Invasion and metastasis promotion | [57] |
| miR-345 | BAG | Induction of cell proliferation and invasion | [58] |
| miR-148b | CCK2R | Induction of cell proliferation | [59] |
| Let-7c | KRAS, MMP11 and PBX3 | Metastasis induction | [60] |
| Let-7a | Np95 ICBP90 RING finger | Induction of cell proliferation | [61] |
| miR-499-5p | FOXO4 and PDCD4 | Induction of metastasis | [62] |
| miR-92 | KLF4 | Promotion of cell growth and migration | [63] |
| miR-126 | SPRED1, PIK2R2/P85-β | Inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion | [64] |
| miR-320 | FOXO4 and PDCD4 | Inhibition of cell proliferation | [65] |
| miR-200 family | JNK2 | Inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis and induction of sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs | [66] |
| miR-9 | TM4SF1 | Suppression of cell migration and invasion | [67] |
| miR-503 | calcium-sensing receptor | Induction of proliferation migration and invasion | [68] |
| miR-222 | MST3 | Induction of invasion and migration | [69] |
| miR-181b | RASSF1A | Induce proliferation and enhance cell survival | [70] |
| miR-497 | VEGFA | Inhibition of invasion and metastasis | [71] |
| miR-152 | PIK3R3 | Tumour suppressor | [72] |
| miR-187 | SOX4, NT5E and PTK6 | Inactivation of TGF-β pathway and prevention of EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition) | [73] |
| miR-519 | Orai1 | Tumour suppression | [74] |
| miR-155 | HMG-box transcription factor 1 | Tumour suppressor by induction of WNT/β-catenin pathway | [75] |
| miR-497 | KSR1 | Tumour growth inhibition and enhancement of chemo sensitivity | [76] |
| miR-375 | Bcl-2 | Inhibition of tumour progression | [77] |
| miR-1246 | CCNG2 | Induction of cell growth and metastasis | [78] |
| miR-140-5p | VEGFA | Inhibition of tumour progression | [78] |
| miR-144 | GSPT1 | Inhibition of proliferation and migration | [79] |
| miR-638 | Phospholipase D1 | Inhibition of cell proliferation | [80] |
| miR-99b-5p | mTOR | Inhibition of metastasis formation | [66] |
| miR-101 | SphK1 | Inhibition of cell growth and increase of paclitaxel chemo-sensitivity | [81] |
| miR-20a | TIMP-2 | Induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) | [82] |
| miR-409-3p | GAB1 | Inhibition of tumour progression and metastasis | [83] |