Figure 2.

Cisplatin caused maximal kidney damage at 72 h post‐dose. Rats received vehicle, 2 or 5 mg kg⁻¹ cisplatin and were assessed for kidney damage at 24 and 72 h post‐dose. (A) Serum BUN. (B) Serum creatinine. (C) Urinary KIM‐1 (ng ml⁻¹) was normalized to urinary creatinine. (D) Representative histological images of control and treated kidney renal tubule (left) and macula densa (right) sections. Black arrowheads indicate necrosis, and the black bar is 50 μm. (E) Incidence and severity of kidney microscopic findings. Findings were graded on a scale of 0 (absent), 1 (minimal), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), or 4 (marked). BUN, blood urea nitrogen.