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. 2017 Feb 8;12(2):e0170902. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170902

Table 4. The system requirements of recreational and competitive swimmers will differ and have an impact on the level of accuracy required of the swimming monitors.

System Parameter Recreational Swimmer Competitive Swimmer
Lap time Accuracy required to within ±2 seconds to monitor trends over time. A variance of 2 seconds over a lap time of 30 seconds equates to a 6.7% error. Accuracy required to within ±0.3 seconds in order to be comparable with a stopwatch (current standard)
Stroke count Accuracy within ±2 strokes sufficient to monitor trends over time Accuracy required to lesson more than ±1 stroke per lap
Swim distance Key determinant of training progression, accuracy required to within ±5% of actual (i.e. no more than 2 missed/additional laps included per 1,000 m completed in a 25 m pool) Not applicable to user, training distances pre-prescribed and monitored by coach
Swim speed Not applicable to user, lap times provide a sufficient metric Accuracy within ±0.01 m/s required to relate to required lap time accuracy and also to compare with other reported methods. More concerned with instantaneous speed or speed during different race segments
Stroke rate Not applicable to user, stroke counts provide a sufficient metric Accuracy within ±5% adequate (i.e. ±2 str/min).More concerned with instantaneous stroke rate or stroke rate during different race segments
Stroke length Accuracy within ±0.2 m sufficient and related to accuracy of stroke count measure Accuracy close to 100% required (i.e. errors of no more than 0.1 m) and related to stroke rate measure. More concerned with stroke length during different race segments
Stroke identification 100% accuracy required as errors will be very apparent 100% accuracy required as errors will be very apparent