Table 1.

Transporters that mediate glucose reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney.

SGLTs		GLUTs
SLC5 gene family		Major Facilitator super family of membrane transporters
Secondary active sodium/glucose cotransporters		Facilitated glucose diffusion
Brush border (luminal membrane) of tubular cells		Basolateral membrane of tubular cells
SGLT1	SGLT2	GLUT1	GLUT2
High affinity/low capacity	High capacity/low affinity	S3 segment of proximal straight tubule	S1/2 segment of proximal convoluted tubule
S3 segment of proximal straight tubule	S1/2 segment of proximal convoluted tubule
Reabsorbs 10–20% of filtered glucose	Reabsorbs 80–90% of filtered glucose
Sodium+ /glucose or galactose co- transporter	Sodium+/glucose co- transporter
Stoichiometry 2:1 for sodium:glucose	Stoichiometry 1:1 for sodium:glucose

GLUT, glucose transporters; SGLT, sodium-glucose linked transporter.

[Wright et al. 2007, Wright and Turc, 2004; Guyton and Hall, 2006; Vallon et al. 2011; Wright et al. 2011; Abdul-Ghani and DeFronzo, 2008; Barfuss and Schafer, 1981; Turner and Moran, 1982a, 1982b; Wright et al. 1994; Augustin, 2010; Hediger and Rhoads, 1994].