Table 2.

Checkpoint inhibitors used in clinical setting.

Target	Name	Construct	Manufacturer	Clinical development	Cancer type
CTLA-4	Ipilimumab	Fully human IgG1	Bristol-Myers Squibb	FDA approved	Melanoma
				Phase I–III	Multiple cancers
	Tremelimumab	Fully human IgG2	MedImmune, Pfizer	Phase I–III	Multiple cancers
PD-1	Pidilizumab	Humanized IgG1	CureTech	Completed phase I	Multiple cancers
				Phase II ongoing
	Nivolumab	Fully human IgG4	Bristol-Myers Squibb	FDA approved	HL, melanoma, lung
					Multiple cancers
	Pembrolizumab	Humanized IgG4-κ	Merck	FDA approved	Melanoma
				Phase I–III	Multiple cancers
PD-L1	Atezolizumab	Humanized IgG1	Genentech, Roche	Phase I–III	Multiple cancers
	Avelumab	Fully human IgG1	Merck, Pfizer	Phase I–III	Multiple cancers
	MEDI4736	Fully human IgG1	MedImmune, AstraZeneca	Phase I–III	Multiple cancers
	BMS-936,559	Fully human IgG4	Bristol-Myers Sqibb	Phase I	Multiple cancers

CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; PD-1, programmed cell death 1; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1.