Table 2.
Unadjusted and adjusted Poisson regression models of association of selected characteristics with degree of connectivity in a sample of HIV-infected participants (n = 1154) in the Variant, Atypical, and Resistant HIV Surveillance system, Chicago, Illinois, 2005-2011
| Variable | Unadjusted Modela | Adjusted Model | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | P Value | RR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Age, y | ||||
| ≤24 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| 25-29 | 1.24 (1.00-1.53) | .050 | 1.18 (0.95-1.46) | .136 |
| 30-39 | 0.27 (0.21-0.35) | <.001 | 0.33 (0.25-0.42) | <.001 |
| 40-49 | 0.14 (0.10-0.20) | <.001 | 0.22 (0.16-0.31) | <.001 |
| ≥50 | 0.04 (0.03-0.07) | <.001 | 0.07 (0.04-0.12) | <.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Female | 0.18 (0.13-0.25) | <.001 | 0.39 (0.26-0.59) | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic black | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 0.49 (0.35-0.69) | <.001 | 0.59 (0.41-0.83) | .003 |
| Hispanic | 0.45 (0.35-0.57) | <.001 | 0.52 (0.41-0.66) | <.001 |
| Other | 0.08 (0.01-0.59) | .013 | 0.24 (0.03-1.74) | .160 |
| Transmission category | ||||
| MSM | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Heterosexual contact | 0.04 (0.01-0.26) | .001 | 0.16 (0.02-1.18) | .073 |
| PWID | 0.06 (0.02-0.18) | <.001 | 0.17 (0.05-0.52) | .002 |
| MSM and PWID | 0.14 (0.09-0.20) | <.001 | 0.41 (0.27-0.63) | <.001 |
| Otherb | 0.44 (0.36-0.53) | <.001 | 0.88 (0.72-1.08) | .231 |
| Year of diagnosis | ||||
| 2000 or before | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| 2001-2005 | 0.56 (0.08-3.99) | .564 | 0.44 (0.06-3.12) | .409 |
| 2006-2010 | 12.03 (3.00-48.22) | <.001 | 3.93 (0.97-15.93) | .055 |
| After 2010 | 14.82 (3.64-60.37) | <.001 | 4.40 (1.07-18.14) | .040 |
| Regionc | ||||
| North side | 1 [Reference] | |||
| South side | 1.10 (0.90-1.33) | .325 | ||
| West side | 1.02 (0.82-1.26) | .854 | ||
| Other | 0.25 (0.16-0.36) | <.001 | ||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MSM, men who have sex with men; PWID, person who injects drugs; RR, rate ratio.
aEach variable is a separate model; constant not provided because of individual modeling of each variable.
b“Other” categories include received clotting factor, received transfusion or transplant, perinatal exposure with HIV diagnosed at age ≥13, or no identified or reported risk.
cDefined by ZIP code of residence at time of HIV diagnosis.