Table 7.
Summary of results pertaining to the wolf-dog comparison in the Novel environment and Novel object tests.
| Behavior | Measure | Novel environment (5 weeks) | Novel object (6 weeks) | Novel object (8 weeks) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exploration | D | Wolves > Dogs | Wolves > Dogs | Wolves > Dogs |
| Self-play | L | Wolves = Dogs | NA | NA |
| Contact/interaction object | L | NA | Wolves > Dogs* | Wolves > Dogs* |
| Lat | NA | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | |
| F | NA | Wolves > Dogs* | Wolves > Dogs* | |
| D | NA | Wolves > Dogs | Wolves > Dogs | |
| Contact experimenter | L | NA | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs |
| Lat | NA | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | |
| Proximity people | D | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs |
| Lat | Wolves = Dogs | NA | NA | |
| Stress behaviors | L | NA | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves > Dogs |
| F | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves > Dogs | |
| Fear behaviors | L | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs |
| D | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | |
| Proximity exit | D | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs |
| Vocalizations | L | NA | Dogs > Wolves | Dogs > Wolves |
| F | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs | Wolves = Dogs |
*
indicates a trend p < 0.08. L, Likelihood; Lat, Latency; D, Duration; F, Frequency. Species differences are highilighted in bold.