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. 2017 Feb 8;14:22. doi: 10.1186/s12978-017-0288-3

Table 1.

Clinical features of the seven cases of clitoral neuroma after FGM/C

Case Age (years old) Original country FGM/C type Age at moment of FGM/C Reason for consulting Treatment Histological results Length of follow-up Outcome
1 25 Somalia IIIb 9 yearsold Chronically painful clitoral mass. Not sexually active Excision of the clitoral mass; defibulation; sexual counseling. Foreign body granuloma to ancient suture stitch.
Post-traumatic neuroma of the clitoris .		 >12 months Resolution of pain.
Not sexually active/
2 38 Burkina Faso IIc 1 month Chronic clitoral pain. Dyspareunia at the site of FGM/C.
Desire to reduce pain, and improve body image and female identity.
Request for clitoral reconstruction.		 Clitoral reconstruction and psycho-sexual therapy Post-traumatic neuroma of the clitoris. >12 months Resolution of pain.
Improved sexual function: body image, gender identity, lubrication, sexual pleasure, arousal, orgasm.
3 38 Ivory Coast IIIa During early childhood Dyspareunia at the site of FGM/C.
Desire to improve body image and female identity.
Request for clitoral reconstruction.		 Clitoral reconstruction and psycho-sexual therapy. Foreign body giant cellular formation.
Post-traumatic neuroma of the clitoris.		 >12 months Resolution of pain.
Unchanged sexual function.
4 21 Ivory Coast IIc-IIIa 7 years old Dyspareunia at the site of FGM/C.
Desire to improve body image and female identity.
Request for clitoral reconstruction.		 Clitoral reconstruction, defibulation. and psycho-sexual therapy. Foreign body giant cellular formation.
Sub-cutaneous post traumatic neuroma of the clitoris of 0.5 cm.		 6–12 months Improved sexual function: body image, gender identity, lubrication, and orgasm.
5 49 Mali IIIa 6 years old Request for clitoral reconstruction to improve body image, female identity, and sexual function.
Absence of pain.
Presence of sexual pleasure and orgasm.		 Clitoral reconstruction and psycho-sexual therapy. Two post-traumatic neuromas of the clitoris: 1 sub-cutaneous of 0.2 cm and 1 cutaneous. 6–12 months Improved sexual function: body image, gender identity,
and sexual pleasure.
Unchanged orgasm.
6 34 Somalia IIIa, previously defibulated 4 years old Request for clitoral reconstruction to improve body image, female identity, and sexual function.
Absence of pain.
Presence of sexual pleasure and orgasm.		 Clitoral reconstruction and psycho-sexual therapy. Post-traumatic neuroma of the clitoris of 0.4 cm >12 months Improved sexual function: body image, gender identity, lubrication, and orgasm.
7 34 Burkina Faso IIc 12 years old Request for clitoral reconstruction to improve body image, female identity, and sexual function.
Absence of pain.
Presence of sexual pleasure.
Absence of orgasm.		 Clitoral reconstruction and psycho-sexual therapy. Two post-traumatic neuromas of the clitoris: 1 sub-cutaneous and 1 cutaneous. <3 months Improved body image and gender identity. Sexual intercourse had not yet been resumed.