Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the cohort of 4561 post-myocardial infarction patients according to four categories of cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
| Cystatin C-based eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | ≥90 | 60–89 | 30–59 | <30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 1517, 33.3%) | (n = 2162, 47.4%) | (n = 809, 17.7%) | (n = 73, 1.6%) | |
| Age, y | 66.1 ± 4.5 | 69.5 ± 5.3 | 73.0 ± 5.0 | 73.4 ± 4.9 |
| Men, No. (%) | 1335 (88.0) | 1665 (77.0) | 570 (70.5) | 50 (68.5) |
| Ethnicity, white No. (%) | 1504 (99.1) | 2156 (99.7) | 806 (99.6) | 72 (98.6) |
| Higher educationa, No (%) | 222/1514 (15) | 258/2143 (12) | 83/802 (10) | 7/72 (10) |
| Physical activeb (≥3 MET during >5d/wk), No. (%) | 369/1510 (24) | 470/2151 (22) | 120/801 (15) | 7/72 (10) |
| Current Smoker, No. (%) | 220 (14.5) | 373 (17.3) | 147 (18.2) | 17 (23.3) |
| Alcohol use ≥1 glass/week, No (%) | 1263/1515 (83) | 1578/2158 (73) | 505/805 (63) | 40/73 (55) |
| Time since MI, y | 4.3 ± 3.0 | 4.3 ± 3.3 | 4.2 ± 3.3 | 4.5 ± 2.8 |
| Self-reported history of heart failure, No. (%) | ||||
| Yes | 332/1455 (23) | 535/2042 (26) | 312/781 (40) | 36/69 (52) |
| No | 870/1455(60) | 1082/2042 (53) | 307/781 (39) | 27/69 (39) |
| Do not know | 253/1455 (17) | 425/2042 (21) | 162/781 (21) | 6/69 (9) |
| Self-reported history of stroke, No. (%) | 66/1509 (4.4) | 154/2144 (7.2) | 92/796 (11.6) | 12/73 (16.4) |
| Diabetesc, No. (%) | 286 (18.9) | 411 (19.0) | 221 (27.3) | 27 (37.0) |
| Antidiabetic drugs, No (%) | 201 (13.2) | 296 (13.7) | 168 (20.8) | 20 (27.4) |
| Body mass indexd, kg/m2 | 27.4 ± 3.5 | 27.8 ± 3.7 | 28.0 ± 4.4 | 29.8 ± 6.3 |
| ≥30 kg/m2, No (%) | 307 (20.3) | 527 (24.4) | 225 (27.9) | 26 (35.6) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 142 ± 20 | 142 ± 22 | 142 ± 24 | 143 ± 27 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 82 ± 11 | 80 ± 11 | 77 ± 12 | 75 ± 13 |
| Use of cardiovascular medicatione, No. (%) | ||||
| Antithrombotic agents | 1497 (99) | 2110 (98) | 772 (95) | 71 (97) |
| Antiplatelet drugs | 1378 (91%) | 1813 (84%) | 590 (73%) | 47 (64%) |
| Blood pressure lowering drugs | 1289 (85.0) | 1960 (90.7) | 760 (93.9) | 72 (98.6) |
| ACE-inhibitor and/or Angiotensin blocker | 752 (49.6) | 1239 (57.3) | 526 (65.0) | 56 (76.7) |
| Beta-blockers | 993 (65.5) | 1525 (70.5) | 554 (68.5) | 60 (82.2) |
| Diuretics | 134 (8.8) | 503 (23.3) | 426 (52.7) | 47 (64.4) |
| Lipid modifying drugs | 1355 (89) | 1874 (87) | 633 (78) | 62 (85) |
| Glucosef, mg/dl | 111 (37) | 111 (37) | 115 (42) | 118 (44) |
| Cholesterol (total)g, mg/dl | 182 ± 35 | 182 ± 38 | 185 ± 40 | 183 ± 39 |
| LDL, mg/dl | 100 ± 31 | 100 ± 33 | 101 ± 34 | 95 ± 35 |
| HDL, mg/dl | 50 ± 13 | 50 ± 13 | 48 ± 13 | 45 ± 12 |
| Triglyceridesh, mg/dl | 138 (101 to 195) | 146 (108 to 204) | 159 (119 to 213) | 172 (135 to 278) |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.6) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.8) | 3.1 (1.3 to 5.9) | 3.5 (1.8 to 7.9) |
| Serum cystatin C, mg/L | 0.79 ± 0.06 | 0.98 ± 0.08 | 1.36 ± 0.19 | 2.43 ± 0.64 |
| Cystatin C-basedi eGFR ml/min/1.73m2 | 100.2 (94.9 to 105.4) | 77.0 (68.5 to 83.1) | 51.3 (43.2. to 56.9) | 25.2 (20.8 to 27.7) |
| Serum creatininej, mg/dl | 0.89 ± 0.22 | 1.05 ± 0.28 | 1.35 ± 0.36 | 2.65 ± 1.00 |
| Creatinine-basedk eGFR ml/min/1.73m2 | 96.4 (90.0 to 101.2) | 85.7 (71.5 to 95.2) | 62.1 (50.0 to 76.4) | 29.3 (22.6 to 37.3) |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range), mean (±SD) or number (percentage of the total).
a. Defined as higher vocational education or university.
b. Defined as ≥3 Metabolic Equivalent Tasks (MET) during >5d/wk.
c. Diabetes was considered to be present if a patient reported having received the diagnosis from a physician, was taking antidiabetic drugs, or had an elevated plasma glucose level (≥126 mg/dl in the case of patients who had fasted more than 4 hours or ≥200 mg/dl in the case of nonfasting patients).
d. Body mass index was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
e. Antithrombotic agents ATC code B01. Antiplatelet drugs ATC code B01AC. Blood pressure lowering drugs ATC codes C02, C03, C07, C08 and C09. Lipid modifying drugs ATC code C10.
f. To convert the values for glucose to mmol/L, multiply by 0.05551.
g. To convert the values for cholesterol to mmol/L, multiply by 0·02586.
h. To convert the values for triglycerides to mmol/L, multiply by 0.01129.
i. Cystatin C-based CKD-EPI equation 2012.[22]
j. To convert the values for creatinine to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.40.
k. Creatinine-based CKD-EPI equation 2009.[22]