Table 1.
Baseline covariate and cognition values by body mass index class
| Variable | <12 years (n = 320) |
12 years (n = 797) |
13–15 years (n = 906) |
16+ years (n = 777) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covariate
| |||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 74.5 (6.1) | 73.6 (5.9) | 73.6 (5.8) | 73.4 (5.9) | 0.045 |
| Female, n (%) | 258 (80.6%) | 659 (82.7%) | 736 (81.2%) | 472 (60.8%) | <0.001 |
| Minority race, n (%) | 144 (45%) | 203 (25.5%) | 253 (27.9%) | 148 (19.1%) | <0.001 |
| Married, n (%) | 73 (22.8%) | 249 (31.3%) | 306 (33.8%) | 378 (48.7%) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 30.1 (5.9) | 28.8 (5.5) | 28.8 (5.7) | 27.4 (5) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 31 (9.7%) | 62 (7.8%) | 74 (8.2%) | 41 (5.3%) | 0.037 |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Nondrinker | 197 (61.8%) | 407 (51.1%) | 395 (43.9%) | 245 (31.7%) | |
| Light drinker | 104 (32.6%) | 346 (43.4%) | 446 (49.6%) | 470 (60.8%) | |
| Heavy drinker | 18 (5.6%) | 44 (5.5%) | 58 (6.5%) | 58 (7.5%) | |
| Short-Form 36 physical function, mean (SD) | 59 (26.3) | 67.3 (24) | 68.8 (23.7) | 74.3 (22.2) | <0.001 |
| Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Score, mean (SD) | 7.4 (5.6) | 5.7 (5.3) | 5 (5) | 4.1 (4.6) | <0.001 |
| Disease history, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 188 (59.3%) | 415 (52.2%) | 466 (51.9%) | 358 (46.4%) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 61 (19.1%) | 98 (12.3%) | 127 (14.1%) | 72 (9.3%) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 27 (8.5%) | 50 (6.3%) | 67 (7.5%) | 51 (6.6%) | 0.547 |
| Congestive heart failure | 27 (8.6%) | 32 (4%) | 53 (5.9%) | 26 (3.4%) | 0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 69 (21.7%) | 122 (15.4%) | 133 (14.9%) | 97 (12.6%) | 0.002 |
| Myocardial infarction | 51 (16%) | 83 (10.5%) | 98 (10.8%) | 77 (10%) | 0.027 |
| High cholesterol | 146 (47.4%) | 363 (46.1%) | 385 (43.2%) | 331 (43.6%) | 0.432 |
| Mini-mental state exam, mean (SD) | 25.9 (2) | 27.2 (2) | 27.2 (1.9) | 28.1 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Visual acuity, mean (SD) | 70.6 (11.9) | 72.6 (11.4) | 73 (11.7) | 74.8 (11) | <0.001 |
| Cognitive measures, Blom transformed
| |||||
| Memory composite, mean (SD) | − 0.6 (0.7) | − 0.1 (0.8) | 0 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Reasoning composite, mean (SD) | − 0.8 (0.7) | − 0.2 (0.8) | 0 (0.8) | 0.5 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Useful field of view composite, mean (SD) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0 (0.8) | 0 (0.8) | −0.2 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Digit symbol substitution, mean (SD) | − 0.9 (1) | −0.2 (0.9) | −0.1 (0.9) | 0.2 (0.9) | <0.001 |