Table 1. Definitions of improved and unimproved facilities.

All criteria for multiple questions or observations must be met in order for facilities to be defined as improved [39]

MDG Criteria
1. Water
Question	Improved	Unimproved
What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household?	• Piped into dwelling • Piped to yard/plot • Public tap/standpipe • Tube well/borehole • Protected dug well • Protected spring • Rainwater • Piped to neighbour • Bottled water (if improved water used for other purposes cooking / handwashing)	• Unprotected well • Unprotected spring • Tanker truck • Cart with small tank • Surface water (river / dam / lake / pond / stream / canal / irrigation channel) • Bottled water (if improved water not used for other purposes cooking / handwashing) • Sachet water • Other
What is the main source of water your household uses for other purposes such as cooking and cleaning?(Only relevant if bottled water is the main source of drinking water)	• Piped into dwelling • Piped into yard/plot • Public tap/standpipe • Tube well/borehole • Protected well • Protected spring • Rainwater	• Unprotected well • Unprotected spring • Surface water • Tanker truck • Cart with small tank • Other
2. Sanitation
Questions	Improved	Unimproved
What kind of toilet facility do members of your household usually use?	• Flush or pour flush toilet flush to piped sewer system • Flush to septic tank • Flush to pit latrine • Ventilated improved pit latrine • Pit latrine with slab • Composting toilet • Flush, don’t know where	• Flush to somewhere else • Pit latrine without slab / open pit • Bucket toilet • Hanging toilet / hanging latrine • No facility / bush / field • Mobile toilet • Other
Do you share this facility with others who are not members of your household?	• Facility not shared with other households	• Facility shared with other households
3. Combined MDG = (1) + (2)
SDG Criteria
4. Water
Question	Improved	Unimproved
How long does it take you to go, collect water and come back?	• On premises or 0–30 minutes	• >30 minutes
5. Handwashing
Observations	Improved	Unimproved
Please show me where members of your household most often wash their hands.	• Handwashing facility observed	• Handwashing facility not observed (not in dwelling / yard / plot, no permission to see or other reason)
Observation only: observe presence of water at the place for hand washing.	• Water is available	• Water is not available
Observation only: observe presence of soap, detergent, or other cleansing agent at the specific place for hand washing	• Soap or detergent (bar, liquid, powder, paste) is present	• No soap or detergent
6. Combined basic SDG = (3) + (4) + (5)