Table 2.

Univariate Cox regression analysis for ECG-4 and ECG-5

	ECG-4		ECG-5
Variables	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p
Non-Caucasian	1.91 (1.27–2.86)	0.002	1.63 (1.11–2.37)	0.012
Gender (male)	1.13 (0.62–2.07)	0.68	1.19 (0.68–2.09)	0.53
Age	1.03 (1.007–1.05)	0.01	1.02 (1.004–1.05)	0.02
Disease duration	1.06 (1.03–1.09)	0.0007	1.05 (1.014–1.09)	0.006
Hypertension within 5 years prior to ECG	0.88 (0.49–1.57)	0.67	0.91 (0.52–1.58)	0.73
Hyperlipidemia on statins ever before ECG	0.59 (0.30–1.13)	0.11	0.54 (0.29–1.01)	0.05
Ever smoked before ECG	0.72 (0.39–1.35)	0.31	0.75 (0.42–1.35)	0.34
Diabetes 3 years before ECG	0.75 (0.27–2.04)	0.09	0.75 (0.27–2.048)	0.57
SLEDAI-2 K	1.05 (1.012–1.013)	0.01	1.05 (1.01–1.09)	0.008
AMS 2 years prior to ECG	1.08 (1.02–1.13)	0.005	1.08 (1.03–1.13)	0.003
SDI	1.23 (1.07–1.41)	0.003	1.21 (1.06–1.39)	0.006
Cumulative glucocorticoids	1.007 (1.001–1.01)	0.02	1.007 (1.001.013)	0.02
Treated with antimalarials	2.27 (1.12–4.59)	0.02	2.11 (1.11–4.04)	0.02
Treated with immunosuppressives	2.15 (1.21–3.83)	0.009	2.06 (1.19–3.55)	0.009
Coombs	1.19 (0.81–1.76)	0.37	1.19 (0.83–1.73)	0.33
Anti-Jo1	0.65 (0.26–1.63)	0.36	0.71 (0.30–1.64)	0.41
Anti-La	0.79 (0.47–1.34)	0.39	0.8 (0.49–1.31)	0.38
Anti-RNP	1.18 (0.791.74)	0.41	1.24 (0.86–1.79)	0.24
Anti-Ro	0.81 (0.56–1.18)	0.27	0.79 (0.55–1.14)	0.21
Anti-Scl70	0.49 (0.15–1.59)	0.24	0.45 (0.14–1.44)	0.19
Anti-Smith	1.43 (0.89–2.27)	0.13	1.44 (0.93–2.22)	0.11
ANCA	0.63 (0.32–1.21)	0.17	0.63 (0.34–1.18)	0.15
Anti-ds DNA	1.52 (1.02–2.29)	0.041	1.48 (1.01–2.16)	0.04
ANA	0.86 (0.38–1.97)	0.72	0.74 (0.36–1.53)	0.42
APLA	0.85 (0.53–1.35)	0.48	0.73 (0.49–1.23)	0.29

AMS adjusted mean SLEDAI-2 K, CI confidence interval, ECG electrocardiogram, HR hazard ratio, SDI SLICC/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, SLEDAI-2 K SLE Disease Activity Index 2000