Table 4.
Study | References | Sample size | Mean age (range) in years | ECG-CVD elements in different studies | Prevalence (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chicago Heart Association detection project | Liao et al., 1988 [34] | 17,633 | 51 (40–64) | • ST-segment depression • T-wave inversion • LVH • RBBB/LBBB • Complete or second AV block |
11.1% (female 12.5%, male 9.6%) |
Charleston Heart Study | Sutherland et al., 1993 [35] | 933 | 48 (35–74) | • ST-segment depression • T-wave changes • LBBB or RBBB • LAD • LVH |
9% |
Fine Study | Menotti and Seccareccia, 1997 [16] | 1785 | Not reported (65–84) | • Q-QS abnormalities • ST-T abnormalities • High R. waves • Major arrhythmias and blocks |
8% |
Belgian Inter-University Research | De Becquer et al., 1998 [27] | 9954 | 48 (25–74) | • ST-segment depression • T-wave inversion • LBBB or RBBB • Atrial fibrillation or flutter |
3.6% |
Copenhagen ECG Study | Rasmussen et al., 2014 [36] | 285,194 | 65 | • ST-segment depression | Female 7% Male 8% |
The definition of ECG-CVD varied among the included studies in Table 4
ECG-CVD electrocardiogram cardiovascular disease abnormalities, LAD left axis deviation, LBBB left bundle branch block, LVH left ventricular hypertrophy, RBBB right bundle branch block