Figure 1. An exotic pest plant to some, a valued source of medicine to others.

Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi is classified as a Category I pest plant by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. Efforts to remove it from the United States have included the use of the herbicides triclopyr and glyphosate⁴⁵. On the other hand, its value as a medicinal plant has been broadly reported in South America³³,⁴⁶,⁴⁷. (a) S. terebinthifolia in fruit (Photo Credit: CL Quave). (b) Written historical records of the medicinal uses of Schinus sp. plant date back to 1648³, appearing in the Historia Naturalis Brasiliae by Dutch naturalist, Willem Piso⁴⁸. A full translation of this section of text is provided (Suppl. Table 1). (c) Historical traditional medicinal uses and preparations of different tissues from S. terebinthifolia³³,⁴⁶,⁴⁷.