TABLE 1.
Sociodemographic Characteristics of Participants Completing (A) Mental Health Measurements and (B) Self-Worth Measurement
| Participants Completing Mental Health Measurements | Difference Among Groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Transgender (n = 63) | Controls (n = 63) | Siblings (n = 38) | ||
| Gendera | χ2 = 0.10, p = .952d | |||
| Boys | 33 | 33 | 21 | |
| Girls | 30 | 30 | 17 | |
| Race or ethnicityb | χ2 = 0.73, p = .693 | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 37 | 41 | 25 | |
| Black | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Hispanic | 8 | 3 | 6 | |
| Asian | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| Multiracial/other | 13 | 17 | 5 | |
| Age (y), mean (SD) | 10.8 (1.3) | 10.9 (1.4) | 10.6 (1.2) | F2,161 = 0.53, p = .590 |
| Annual family income, %c | F2,161 = .640, p = .529e | |||
| <$25,000 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| $25,001–$50,000 | 4 | 9 | 5 | |
| $50,001–$75,000 | 14 | 4 | 5 | |
| $75,001–$125,000 | 23 | 20 | 13 | |
| >$125,000 | 22 | 30 | 14 | |
|
| ||||
| Participants Completing Self-Worth Measurement | Difference Among Groups | |||
|
| ||||
| Transgender (n = 116) | Controls (n = 122) | Siblings (n = 72) | ||
|
| ||||
| Gendera | χ2 = 4.95, p = .084 | |||
| Boys | 48 | 49 | 40 | |
| Girls | 68 | 73 | 32 | |
| Race or ethnicityb | χ2 = 0.12, p = .943 | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 75 | 79 | 45 | |
| Black | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hispanic | 14 | 8 | 12 | |
| Asian | 6 | 4 | 3 | |
| Multiracial or other | 20 | 31 | 12 | |
| Age (y), mean (SD) | 9.3 (2.0) | 9.2 (2.0) | 9.1 (1.8) | F2,307 = 0.18, p = .840 |
| Annual family income, %c | F2,307 = 3.14, p = .045e | |||
| <$25,000 | 3 | 1 | 4 | |
| $25,001–$50,000 | 9 | 10 | 9 | |
| $50,001–$75,000 | 22 | 11 | 10 | |
| $75,001–$125,000 | 42 | 44 | 22 | |
| >$125,000 | 40 | 56 | 27 | |
Note: SD = standard deviation.
Gender for transgender participants refers to asserted gender, not sex.
Race difference was assessed as percentage of white versus non-white in χ2 analyses owing to small numbers of each non-white group.
For comparison across groups, income was converted to a scale of 1 to 5.
Transgender and control participants were matched for gender. When samples are unequal, it was because fewer transgender participants completed the task because of experimenter error (failing to provide the measurement) or participants’ requests to stop participation.
Although there was a significant difference in mean income, no single group comparison was significant as indicated by Tukey post hoc tests (control versus transgender, p = .146; control versus siblings, p = .058; transgender versus controls, p = .793).