Table 2.

Applicability of the 3D functional cell model of the gut.

Study	Parameter/Implications	References
Trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER)	Cell differentiation, connectedness, polarization, intestinal integrity	[8,18,32,35]
Bioaccessibility, absorption and biotransformation	Transition from the apical to the basal compartment and vice versa, cellular absorption, transformation	[8,18,24,25,36,37]
Host-microbe interactions	Attachment, communication, migration, influence on epithelial function, simulation of normal gut microflora, their influence on biotransformation as well as absorption of bioactives	[26,31,37,38,39]
Communication	Cell-cell, cell cross-talk, expression of cytokines, chemokines, nuclear factors, connexins...	[1,8,32,38,40,41]
Immunomodulation	Expression of cytokines and nuclear factors in separated apical and basal compartments, immunoprofiling, pro- and anti-inflammatory orientation	[8,32,37,38,40]
Custom bioassays	Combination of different strategies, combination of different cell lines, HTS integration	[13,30]