Table 2.
Lactose (g/100 g) and lactulose (mg/100 g) in whole and semi-skimmed commercial Italian milk. Data are shown as the mean with standard deviation (SD) and minimum and maximum values.
| Milk | Lactose | Lactulose | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whole—18 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.8 ± 0.2 | ||
| Min–Max | 4.3–5.3 | ||
| PW—3 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.5 a ± 0.2 | n.d. | |
| Min–Max | 4.3–4.6 | ||
| MW—3 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.7 ± 0.1 | n.d. | |
| Min–Max | 4.6–4.8 | ||
| UHTW—12 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.9 b ± 0.2 | 43.3 ± 28.8 | |
| Min–Max | 4.6–5.3 | 10.2–90.6 | |
| Semi-skimmed—20 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 0.2 | ||
| Min–Max | 4.3–5.4 | ||
| PS—2 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 0.1 | n.d. | |
| Min–Max | 4.8–4.9 | ||
| MS—4 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.8 ± 0.1 | n.d. | |
| Min–Max | 4.6–4.9 | ||
| UHTS—14 samples | |||
| Mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 0.3 | 44.2 ± 35.4 | |
| Min–Max | 4.3–5.4 | 8.6–104.0 | |
n.d. = not detectable (<LOD is 0.013 mg/mL); PW = pasteurized whole milk; MW = microfiltered whole milk; UHTW = UHT whole milk; PS = pasteurized semi-skimmed milk; MS = microfiltered semi-skimmed milk; UHTS = UHT semi-skimmed milk; Values in the same column with different lowercase letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).