Table 4.

Nonessential amino acid (NEAA) composition ¹ of whole grain, processed grain, grain coproduct, and other carbohydrate sources.

Item	Nonessential Amino Acids (% DM Basis)												Total NEAA
	Ala 2	Asp	Cys	Glu	Gly	Hyl	Hyp	Orn	Pro	Ser	Tau	Tyr
Barley category (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Barley flake	0.69	1.20	0.42	3.01	0.73	0.02	0.03	0.01	0.78	0.66	0.15	0.42	8.12
Cut barley	0.45	0.68	0.23	2.71	0.43	0.03	0.01	0.00	1.24	0.45	0.17	0.26	6.66
Ground pearled Barley	0.43	0.67	0.24	2.85	0.44	0.02	0.01	0.00	1.28	0.46	0.17	0.29	6.86
Malted barley	0.42	0.46	0.03	1.97	0.33	0.05	0.02	0.06	0.86	0.02	0.14	0.24	4.60
Pearled barley flakes	0.45	0.70	0.24	2.70	0.45	0.02	0.01	0.00	1.21	0.46	0.16	0.28	6.68
Steamed rolled barley	0.42	0.64	0.24	2.81	0.43	0.02	0.00	0.00	1.28	0.45	0.17	0.24	6.70
Whole pearled barley	0.48	0.73	0.23	2.68	0.49	0.02	0.01	0.00	1.21	0.47	0.16	0.29	6.77
Oat category (Avena sativa L.)
Groats	0.61	1.05	0.42	2.63	0.66	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.67	0.62	0.17	0.41	7.27
Ground steamed groats	0.57	0.95	0.38	2.57	0.63	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.64	0.56	0.17	0.37	6.87
Instant oats	0.51	0.92	0.35	2.47	0.55	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.61	0.57	0.14	0.35	6.50
Oat bran #1	0.53	0.96	0.35	2.56	0.58	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.63	0.58	0.15	0.32	6.71
Oat bran #2	0.60	1.03	0.37	2.60	0.64	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.65	0.61	0.19	0.43	7.17
Oat fiber	0.64	1.06	0.40	2.60	0.70	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.65	0.62	0.19	0.41	7.31
Oat flour	0.10	0.16	0.04	0.29	0.10	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.10	0.08	0.08	0.03	1.01
Oatmeal (ground)	0.58	1.01	0.40	2.69	0.62	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.65	0.61	0.17	0.38	7.14
Quick oats	0.50	0.90	0.36	2.41	0.54	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.60	0.55	0.15	0.29	6.33
Regular rolled oats	0.51	0.92	0.35	2.51	0.56	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.61	0.56	0.19	0.32	6.55
Steamed rolled oat groats	0.56	0.97	0.36	2.83	0.63	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.75	0.60	0.17	0.39	7.29
Steel cut groats	0.55	0.95	0.39	2.52	0.60	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.62	0.58	0.15	0.37	6.77
Rice category (Oryza sativa L.)
Brown rice	0.58	0.93	0.21	1.75	0.48	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.45	0.48	0.17	0.28	5.36
Defatted rice bran	1.06	1.53	0.33	2.42	0.94	0.04	0.06	0.01	0.76	0.74	0.14	0.44	8.47
Polished rice	0.46	0.76	0.18	1.48	0.38	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.37	0.39	0.12	0.20	4.36
Rice flour	0.32	1.86	0.12	1.67	0.26	0.31	0.02	0.01	0.29	0.29	0.17	0.26	5.58
Miscellaneous cereal grains and other carbohydrate sources
Canary grass seed	0.82	0.88	0.45	5.07	0.59	0.02	0.01	0.01	1.13	0.72	0.14	0.46	10.30
Conventional whole millet	0.58	1.07	0.20	1.85	0.74	0.02	0.03	0.01	0.48	0.52	0.15	0.34	5.99
Conventional hulled millet	1.26	0.74	0.20	2.54	0.33	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.82	0.70	0.16	0.27	7.04
Conventional quinoa	0.30	2.30	0.12	1.61	0.27	0.33	0.02	0.01	0.28	0.30	0.17	0.28	5.99
Organic spelt hull pellets	0.85	0.71	0.18	1.93	0.37	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.77	0.44	0.17	0.23	5.68
Potato flake	0.41	0.58	0.25	3.00	0.45	0.02	0.02	0.01	1.05	0.46	0.13	0.24	6.62
Sorghum	1.12	0.62	0.15	2.23	0.28	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.73	0.58	0.00	0.26	5.99
Whole wheat	0.45	0.66	0.27	3.50	0.50	0.01	0.01	0.01	1.20	0.57	0.17	0.27	7.62
Whole yellow corn	0.52	0.50	0.16	1.24	0.34	0.02	0.03	0.00	0.62	0.33	0.10	0.17	4.03

¹ AOAC, 2006; method 982.30E. ² Ala = alanine; Asp = aspartic acid; Cys = cysteine; Glu = glutamic acid; Gly = glycine; Hyl = hydroxylysine; Hyp = hydroxyproline; Orn = ornithine; Pro = proline; Ser = serine; Tau = taurine; Tyr = tyrosine.