Table 2.
Summary of potential lung cancer biomarkers detected in tissues/fluids considered in this report.
| Proteins | Matrix |
|---|---|
| Cancer | |
| Transglutaminase 2 | A549 human lung carcinoma cell line |
| b1 integrin | |
| Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) | |
| Cathepsin D | |
| Transforming growth factor β -induced protein ig-h3 (β ig-h3) | |
| Periostin | |
| Interleukin-8 (IL 8) | |
| Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3/6 | |
| Serca 2 | Human H69 and H69AR small lung cancer cell line |
| Plectin | |
| Vimentin | |
| Fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF-19) | H358 human non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma cell line |
| P53-modulated secreted proteins | |
| Retinal dehydrogenase (ALIA1) | CL1-0 and CL1-5 lung cancer cell lines |
| Peroxiredoxin-I (PRDX1) | |
| Nidogen 1 (NID-1) | |
| Collagen alpha-1 (VI) chain (COL6A1) | |
| Matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP-1) | |
| Matrix metalloprotease 7 (MMP-7) | |
| Metalloprotease inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) | |
| Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) | |
| Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) | |
| Tyrosine-protein kinase (c-Src) | |
| Transcription factor Myc (c-Myc) | |
| Signal transducer and activator of transcription protein (STAT) | |
| C4b-binding protein (C4BP) | |
| Ubiquitin associated and SH3 domain-containing protein B | HCC827 and PC9 cell lines |
| NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) | NSCLC cell lines |
| 1 alpha subcomplex 5 (NDUFA5) | |
| Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) | |
| Thymopoietin (TMPO) | |
| Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) | |
| c-Met | |
| Anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) | |
| Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFR-α) | |
| Discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (DDR1) | |
| Tumor necrosis factor-a-converting enzyme (ADAM-17) | H23, H520, H460 and H1688 cell lines |
| Soluble tumor necrosis factor-receptor type I (sTNF RI) | |
| Pentraxin 3 | |
| Osteoprotegerin | |
| Follistatin | |
| Stathmin | QU-DB and Mehr 80 LCC cell lines |
| Vimentin | |
| Epidermal fatty acid-binding protein | |
| Interleukin-25 (IL-25) | |
| Transgelin-2 | |
| Chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) | |
| Stress-induced phosphoprotein I | |
| Fragments derived from Fibrinopeptide A | Human serum |
| Fragments derived from Apolipoprotein APOA4 | |
| Fragment derived from Limbin (LBN) | |
| Fragment derived from amiloride-sensitive cation channel 4 (ACCN4) | |
| Progastrin—releasing peptide (ProGRP) | |
| α2-macroglobulin (α-2M) | |
| Serum amyloid A (SAA) | |
| Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) | |
| Interleukin 6-6 (IL-6) | |
| Annexin-I | |
| P-glycoprotein 9.5 | |
| 14-3-3 theta | |
| Laminin-receptor-like 1 | |
| Cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) | Human lung tissue |
| Cell-surface glycoprotein 44 (CD44) | |
| Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) | |
| Surfactant protein A (SP-A) | |
| Periostin | |
| Multimerin-2 | |
| Antigen CD 166 (CD-166) | |
| Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein-2 (LAMP-2) | |
| Glutathione S-transferase P1 | Human lung tissue |
| Heat-shock protein beta-1 | |
| Creatine kinase brain-type | |
| p21 activated kinases | |
| Heat-shock protein 47 (HSP 47) | |
| Various cytokeratins | |
| Mucin 5B (MUC 5B) | |
| Clusterin | Human urine |
| Kallikrein | |
| Gelsolin | |
| Leucine-rich α 2-glycoprotein | |
| α-1-antichymotrypsin | |
| Asthma | |
| α-1B-glycoprotein | Human plasma |
| Inter-α (globulin) inhibitor H4 isoform 2 precursor | |
| Transthyretin | |
| Fibronectin 1 | |
| Isoform 2 | |
| Preprotein (FN1) | |
| Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) | Induced sputum |
| Secretoglobin family A1 member 1 (SCGB1A1) | |
| Complement component 3 (C3) | |
| Acute-phase heme binding protein (HPX) | |
| Matrix metalloprotease 7 (MMP-7) | BALf |
| Matrix metalloprotease 8 (MMP-8) | |
| Matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) | |
| Matrix metalloprotease 20 (MMP-20) | |
| Long palate lung and nasal epithelium carcinoma-associated protein 1 (LPLUNC1) | |
| Cystic fibrosis | |
| Keratin 18 | IB3-1 And IB3-1/S9 cell lines |
| 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase I | |
| Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 | |
| Translationally controlled tumor protein | |
| Guanylate cyclase activator 1C | |
| Heat shock protein 27 | |
| Apolipoprotein A-I | Human serum |
| Apolipoprotein B-100 | |
| Vitamin D binding protein | |
| Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) | |
| Mucin 16 | |
| Angiotensinogen | |
| Vinculin | |
| Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase | |
| Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) | Induced sputum |
| Antileukoproteinase (SLPI) | |
| Palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone (PLUNC) proteins | |
| Histone 4 | |
| Several cytokines | EBC |
| Type I cytokeratin | |
| Type II cytokeratin | |
| Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) | |
| Surfactant protein A (SP-A) isoforms | |
| Calgranulin A | |
| Calgranulin B | |
| Cathepsin B | BALf |
| ATP synthase | |
| Chaperonin | |
| “Minor respiratory diseases” | |
| Chloride intracellular channel protein 1 | Human lung tissue |
| Chloride intracellular channel protein 4 | |
| Periostin | |
| Haptoglobin | |
| Transcriptional activator protein Pur-alpha | |
| Advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (RAGE) | |
| Annexin A3 | |
| Mucins | BALf |
| Matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) | |
| Myeloperoxidase | |