Table 3.
Hazard ratio for incident hypertension by quartiles of Active Living, Work, Home/Life, and Sport/Exercise domains.
| Index | N cases of incident hypertension/N at risk (%) | Hazard ratio (95% CI) for Incident Hypertension | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1* | Model 2† | Model 3‡ | Model 4‖ | Model 5¶ | ||
| Active Living Index | ||||||
| Q1 | 197/365 (54.0%) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 137/263 (52.1%) | 1.03 (0.83–1.29) | 1.03 (0.81–1.32) | 0.96 (0.73–1.26) | 1.01 (0.76–1.34) | 1.02 (0.77–1.35) |
| Q3 | 192/404 (47.5%) | 0.88 (0.72–1.07) | 0.89 (0.72–1.11) | 0.90 (0.71–1.15) | 0.88 (0.69–1.13) | 0.89 (0.69–1.14) |
| Q4 | 124/279 (44.4%) | 0.82 (0.65–1.03) | 0.85 (0.66–1.09) | 0.83 (0.62–1.10) | 0.87 (0.65–1.17) | 0.89 (0.67–1.19) |
| P-trend=0.041 | P-trend=0.113 | P-trend=0.174 | P-trend=0.228 | P-trend=0.291 | ||
| Work Index | ||||||
| Q1 | 145/312 (46.5%) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 145/335 (43.3%) | 0.92 (0.73–1.16) | 0.91 (0.71–1.17) | 0.88 (0.67–1.15) | 0.83 (0.63–1.09) | 1.48 (1.15–1.92) |
| Q3 | 165/306 (53.9%) | 1.22 (0.97–1.53) | 1.19 (0.93–1.52) | 1.14 (0.88–1.49) | 1.10 (0.84–1.44) | 1.14 (0.86–1.52) |
| Q4 | 195/358 (54.5%) | 1.31 (1.05–1.63) | 1.32 (1.03–1.68) | 1.16 (0.88–1.53) | 1.12 (0.85–1.48) | 1.11 (0.82–1.50) |
| P-trend=0.002 | P-trend=0.005 | P-trend=0.109 | P-trend=0.178 | P-trend=0.135 | ||
| Home/Life Index | ||||||
| Q1 | 162/343(47.2%) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 215/376(57.2%) | 1.35 (1.09–1.65) | 1.49 (1.19–1.87) | 1.55 (1.21–1.99) | 1.49 (1.15–1.92) | 0.84 (0.64–1.11) |
| Q3 | 140/289(48.4%) | 1.11 (0.88–1.40) | 1.19 (0.92–1.53) | 1.22 (0.92–1.61) | 1.13 (0.85–1.50) | 1.13 (0.86–1.48) |
| Q4 | 133/303(43.9%) | 1.01 (0.80–1.28) | 1.02 (0.79–1.33) | 1.05 (0.78–1.41) | 1.07 (0.80–1.45) | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) |
| P-trend=0.735 | P-trend=0.756 | P-trend=0.926 | P-trend=0.943 | P-trend=0.863 | ||
| Sport/Exercise Index | ||||||
| Q1 | 287/506(56.7%) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00(ref) | 1.00(ref) | 1.00(ref) |
| Q2 | 83/162(51.2%) | 0.91 (0.71–1.17) | 0.92 (0.70–1.20) | 0.85 (0.63–1.14) | 0.89 (0.66–1.21) | 0.92 (0.68–1.25) |
| Q3 | 138/300(46.0%) | 0.79 (0.65–0.98) | 0.76 (0.61–0.95) | 0.78 (0.60–1.00) | 0.85 (0.66–1.10) | 0.87 (0.67–1.13) |
| Q4 | 142/343(41.4%) | 0.66 (0.54–0.81) | 0.62 (0.50–0.78) | 0.65 (0.51–0.84) | 0.73 (0.56–0.94) | 0.75 (0.58–0.97) |
| P-trend <0.001 | P-trend <0.001 | P-trend=0.001 | P-trend=0.017 | P-trend=0.032 | ||
CI, confidence interval.
Active Living Index quartile cutoffs: Q1: ≤1.50, Q2: 1.75–2.00, Q3: 2.25–2.75; Q4: ≥3.00; Work Index quartile cutoffs: Q1: ≤2.00, Q2: 2.13–2.50, Q3: 2.63–3.00; Q4: ≥3.12; Home/Life Index quartile cutoffs: Q1: ≤1.85, Q2: 2.00–2.29, Q3: 2.43–2.71; Q4: ≥2.85; Sport/Exercise Index quartile cutoffs: Q1: <1.25, Q2: 1.25–2.50, Q3: 2.75–3.25; Q4: ≥3.5.
Model 1: Adjusted for age and sex.
Model 2: Adjusted for covariates in model 1 plus education <high school, income <$50,000, married, and fulltime employment.
Model 3: Adjusted for covariates in model 2 plus alcohol drinking, current smoking, healthy diet score, diabetes, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and eGFR <60.
Model 4: Adjusted for covariates in model 3 plus systolic BP and diastolic BP.
Model 5: Adjusted for covariates in model 4 plus BMI.
Pseudo R2 for overall model with Active Living Index: Model 1=2.6; Model 2=16.9; Model 3=33.2; Model 4=40.0; Model 5=40.3
Pseudo R2 for overall model with Work Index: Model 1=3.0; Model 2=17.4; Model 3=33.3; Model 4=40.2; Model 5=40.4
Pseudo R2 for overall model with Home/Life Index: Model 1=2.8; Model 2=17.3; Model 3=33.7; Model 4=40.4; Model 5=40.6
Pseudo R2 for overall model with Sport/Exercise Index: Model 1=3.1; Model 2=17.6; Model 3=33.6; Model 4=40.2; Model 5=40.4